http://hdl.handle.net/10366/150468 2026-04-30T23:01:00Z 2026-04-30T23:01:00Z Céspedes, Esteban Céspedes, Esteban Valdivia, Cecilia Céspedes, Esteban Valdivia, Cecilia http://hdl.handle.net/10366/150551 2025-06-05T12:36:20Z 2022-05-17T00:00:00Z

One of the problems that are often indicated as a criticism of different forms of representationalism is the difficulty of finding definitions that are neither semantic nor realist in a simple sense. The present work tackles this class of critiques from a contextualist point of view, assuming those semantic aspects that are necessary for a concept of representation, but showing that semantic relations of representation should neither be static, nor strictly referential in a classical and realist sense. Two distinctions are crucial for our proposal: On the one hand, we have the distinction between closed and open systems; on the other, a tripartite distinction between structural, informational and semantic representations. On this basis, we understand representations in terms of asymmetric variations between contextual models.; Uno de los problemas señalados habitualmente para criticar distintas formas de representacionalismo es la dificultad encontrar definiciones que no sean semánticas ni realistas en un sentido simple. El presente trabajo aborda esta clase de críticas desde un punto de vista contextualista, asumiendo los aspectos semánticos necesarios para un concepto de representación, pero mostrando que las relaciones semánticas de representación no deben ser estáticas, ni estrictamente referenciales en un sentido clásico y realista. Dos distinciones son cruciales para nuestra propuesta: Por un lado, tenemos la distinción entre sistemas cerrados y abiertos; por otro, una distinción tripartita entre representaciones estructurales, informacionales y semánticas. Con esto, entendemos las representaciones en términos de variaciones asimétricas entre modelos contextuales.; One of the problems that are often indicated as a criticism of different forms of representationalism is the difficulty of finding definitions that are neither semantic nor realist in a simple sense. The present work tackles this class of critiques from a contextualist point of view, assuming those semantic aspects that are necessary for a concept of representation, but showing that semantic relations of representation should neither be static, nor strictly referential in a classical and realist sense. Two distinctions are crucial for our proposal: On the one hand, we have the distinction between closed and open systems; on the other, a tripartite distinction between structural, informational and semantic representations. On this basis, we understand representations in terms of asymmetric variations between contextual models.; Uno de los problemas señalados habitualmente para criticar distintas formas de representacionalismo es la dificultad encontrar definiciones que no sean semánticas ni realistas en un sentido simple. El presente trabajo aborda esta clase de críticas desde un punto de vista contextualista, asumiendo los aspectos semánticos necesarios para un concepto de representación, pero mostrando que las relaciones semánticas de representación no deben ser estáticas, ni estrictamente referenciales en un sentido clásico y realista. Dos distinciones son cruciales para nuestra propuesta: Por un lado, tenemos la distinción entre sistemas cerrados y abiertos; por otro, una distinción tripartita entre representaciones estructurales, informacionales y semánticas. Con esto, entendemos las representaciones en términos de variaciones asimétricas entre modelos contextuales.; One of the problems that are often indicated as a criticism of different forms of representationalism is the difficulty of finding definitions that are neither semantic nor realist in a simple sense. The present work tackles this class of critiques from a contextualist point of view, assuming those semantic aspects that are necessary for a concept of representation, but showing that semantic relations of representation should neither be static, nor strictly referential in a classical and realist sense. Two distinctions are crucial for our proposal: On the one hand, we have the distinction between closed and open systems; on the other, a tripartite distinction between structural, informational and semantic representations. On this basis, we understand representations in terms of asymmetric variations between contextual models.; Uno de los problemas señalados habitualmente para criticar distintas formas de representacionalismo es la dificultad encontrar definiciones que no sean semánticas ni realistas en un sentido simple. El presente trabajo aborda esta clase de críticas desde un punto de vista contextualista, asumiendo los aspectos semánticos necesarios para un concepto de representación, pero mostrando que las relaciones semánticas de representación no deben ser estáticas, ni estrictamente referenciales en un sentido clásico y realista. Dos distinciones son cruciales para nuestra propuesta: Por un lado, tenemos la distinción entre sistemas cerrados y abiertos; por otro, una distinción tripartita entre representaciones estructurales, informacionales y semánticas. Con esto, entendemos las representaciones en términos de variaciones asimétricas entre modelos contextuales.

2022-05-17T00:00:00Z Fernández Palazzo, Ana Julia http://hdl.handle.net/10366/150550 2025-06-05T12:36:20Z 2022-05-17T00:00:00Z

The aim of the present paper is to study the case of Carneades' epistemological stance as paradigmatic of a conception and a way of what could be called "making science" in the platonic Academy. To do that we will try to show that, although there is no unified theory of knowledge that runs along the history of the school founded by Plato, we can trace certain community of thought through two distinctive traits: the lack of trust in sensitive cognition and dialectic as the method of investigation par excellence.; El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar el caso de la postura epistemológica de Carnéades como paradigmático de una concepción y un modo de lo que podríamos llamar "hacer ciencia" en la Academia platónica. Para ello se intentará mostrar que, si bien no hay una teoría unificada acerca del conocimiento a lo largo de la historia de la escuela fundada por Platón, se puede partir de dos rasgos característicos de ella que nos permiten dar cuenta, paradójicamente, de cierta comunidad de pensamiento: la desconfianza por la cognición sensible y la dialéctica como método de investigación por excelencia.

2022-05-17T00:00:00Z Arancibia Gutiérrez, Marcelo http://hdl.handle.net/10366/150549 2025-06-05T12:36:20Z 2022-05-17T00:00:00Z

C.P. Snow's thesis about the existence (1959, 1964) of "two cultures" among those with formal education, advanced in the second half of the 20th century, coincides with Francis Bacon's philosophy of technology of the 16th century. The problems examined by both authors show the relevance for the 21st century of the studies on science, technology and society.; La tesis acerca de la existencia de "las dos culturas" entre quienes gozan de una ecuación formal, propuesta en la segunda mitad del siglo XX por C. P. Snow (1959; 1964), tiene su precedente filosófico en los siglos XVI y XVII en la obra de Francis Bacon. Los problemas abordados por ambos autores muestran la relevancia y vigencia de los Estudios sobre Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad (CTS) para el siglo XXI.

2022-05-17T00:00:00Z Alonso González, Enrique http://hdl.handle.net/10366/150548 2025-06-05T12:36:20Z 2022-05-17T00:00:00Z

In this paper, we analyze three episodes that in our opinion are decisive for the current form adopted by the Digital Era. We analyze the circumstances under which they took place, verifying in all cases that the solutions reached had more common and expected alternatives than those finally adopted. They are contrasted against each other to conclude that the Digital Era anticipated what was reasonably expected at the time, adopting forms and configurations that unexpectedly favored its reach and penetration.; En este trabajo se analizan tres episodios a nuestro juicio determinantes para la actual forma adoptada por la Era Digital. Analizamos las circunstancias bajo las cuales tuvieron lugar comprobando en todos los casos que las soluciones alcanzadas disponían de alternativas más comunes y esperables que las finalmente adoptadas. Se contraponen unas a otras para concluir que la Era Digital se adelantó a lo razonablemente esperable en su momento adoptando formas y configuraciones que favorecieron inesperadamente su alcance y penetración.

2022-05-17T00:00:00Z Arruda, Renata http://hdl.handle.net/10366/150547 2025-06-05T12:36:20Z 2022-05-17T00:00:00Z

In the analysis of the philosopher Frank Jackson on the Nelson Goodman's new 'riddle' of induction, a criticism is raised in relation to the very definition that Goodman offers for the predicate that gives rise to it: the predicate grue. As the latter applies to things observed up to a point and green, or to things unobserved and blue, Jackson argues that this definition presupposes an illegitimate association between certain properties. Jackson presents his solution by stating that grue emeralds do not exist, insofar as a future emerald can only be blue until it is examined. This solution is grounded in accepting the counterfactual conditions under which we make certain kinds of inferences. In this sense, Jackson accuses Goodman of not accurately dealing with the way we evaluate the circumstances in which certain events occur, insofar as they favor or not the manifestation of certain properties that objects may present. The objective here will be to show how Jackson ground our inductive inferences on our assessment of the conditions that make them valid and his criticism of the idea that projectability depends on the characteristics of certain predicates, as advocated by Goodman.; Na análise do filósofo Frank Jackson acerca do novo 'enigma' da indução de Nelson Goodman, uma crítica é suscitada com relação à própria definição que Goodman oferece para o predicado que lhe dá origem: o predicado grue / verdul. Como este se aplica a coisas observadas até certo momento e verdes, ou a coisas não-observadas e azuis, Jackson defende que essa definição pressupõe uma associação ilegítima entre certas propriedades. Jackson apresenta sua solução afirmando que esmeraldas verduis não existem, na medida em que uma esmeralda futura só poderá ser azul enquanto ela não for examinada. Essa saída está fundamentada na aceitação de condições contrafactuais sob as quais realizamos certos tipos de inferências. Nesse sentido, Jackson acusa Goodman de não abordar com precisão o modo como avaliamos as circunstâncias em que determinados eventos ocorrem, na medida em que elas favoreçam ou não a manifestação de certas propriedades que os objetos possam vir a apresentar. O objetivo aqui será o de mostrar como Jackson fundamenta nossas inferências indutivas na nossa avaliação das condições que as tornam válidas, e sua crítica à ideia de que a projetabilidade dependa de características de certos predicados, como defende Goodman.

2022-05-17T00:00:00Z Romero de Pablos, Ana http://hdl.handle.net/10366/150545 2025-06-05T12:36:20Z 2022-05-17T00:00:00Z 2022-05-17T00:00:00Z Sarrión Andaluz, José Quintanilla Fisac, Miguel Ángel Sarrión Andaluz, José Quintanilla Fisac, Miguel Ángel http://hdl.handle.net/10366/150546 2025-06-05T12:36:20Z 2022-05-17T00:00:00Z 2022-05-17T00:00:00Z López Jimenez, José Alejandro http://hdl.handle.net/10366/150543 2025-06-05T12:36:20Z 2022-05-17T00:00:00Z

This article aims to present the results of a case study on the training of researchers in social sciences in quality postgraduate courses in Mexico. The experiences of doctoral students in social sciences were analyzed through their scientific training in postgraduate courses belonging to the PNPC (National Quality Postgraduate Program), that is, the motivations and expectations that doctoral students have regarding their training were characterized scientific. Through the use of a theoretical framework anchored in constructivist and sociology theories of science, as well as the realization of a qualitative design and semi-structured interviews, an investigation is presented that aims to contribute to studies on scientific training in Mexico.; El presente artículo tiene como objetivo presentar los resultados de un estudio de caso sobre la formación de investigadores en ciencias sociales en los posgrados de calidad en México. Se analizaron las experiencias de estudiantes de doctorado en ciencias sociales a través de su formación científica en posgrados pertenecientes al Programa Nacional de Posgrados de Calidad (PNPC), esto es, se caracterizaron las motivaciones y las expectativas que tienen los doctorandos respecto de su formación científica. Mediante el uso de un marco teórico anclado en las teorías constructivistas y de sociología de la ciencia, así como de la realización de un diseño cualitativo y entrevistas semiestructuradas, se presenta una investigación que pretende contribuir a los estudios sobre la formación científica en México.

2022-05-17T00:00:00Z Revista, Artefactos http://hdl.handle.net/10366/150544 2025-06-05T12:36:20Z 2022-05-17T00:00:00Z 2022-05-17T00:00:00Z Camino, Jeremías http://hdl.handle.net/10366/150542 2025-06-05T12:36:20Z 2022-05-17T00:00:00Z

The purpose of the following article is to establish philosophical discussions about datafication, basing its reflections on concepts developed from computer science. It is intended to enrich the considerations in the bibliography, regarding the computer phenomena that datafication gives rise to, such as Big Data, the concept of algorithm, database and user, while critically evaluating the common appreciations regarding what which is the data, of the data-world relationship, of the link between logic and computer science, and of datafication as a new control device.; El siguiente artículo se propone establecer discusiones filosóficas sobre la datificación, basando sus reflexiones en conceptos elucubrados a partir de la ciencia de la informática. Se pretende enriquecer las consideraciones habidas en la bibliografía, respecto de los fenómenos informáticos a que da lugar la datificación, como el Big Data, el concepto de algoritmo, de base de datos y de usuario, mientras que se evalúa críticamente las apreciaciones comunes respecto de lo que es el dato, de la relación dato-mundo, de la vinculación entre la lógica y la informática, y de la datificación como nuevo dispositivo de control.

2022-05-17T00:00:00Z Revista, Artefactos http://hdl.handle.net/10366/150541 2025-06-05T12:36:20Z 2022-05-17T00:00:00Z 2022-05-17T00:00:00Z