http://hdl.handle.net/10366/4065 2026-05-01T22:32:33Z 2026-05-01T22:32:33Z Jiménez García, David Martínez Ortega, María Montserrat López González, Noemí Padilla García, Nélida Pinto Carrasco, Daniel Andrés Sánchez, Santiago Rojas Andrés, Blanca M. http://hdl.handle.net/10366/170820 2026-03-27T01:05:35Z 2026-03-20T00:00:00Z

[EN] The Balkan Peninsula is a biodiversity hotspot where topographic and habitat heterogeneity have shaped genetic differentiation. Polyploidization significantly contributes to diversification within plant lineages, including the allopolyploid complex of the Austrian speedwell, which comprises diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid lineages. We sampled 751 individuals from 50 populations belonging to this complex across the Balkan Peninsula and Central Europe. Diversity patterns were investigated through microsatellite markers (SSRs), plastid DNA sequences, ploidy estimations, morphological data and climatic niche differentiation analysis. Five lineages were detected within the complex according to nuclear DNA data. The plastid DNA haplotypes form two main groups that overall match those detected by SSR data and could suggest that the hexaploid lineage resulted from two different allopolyploid events. The hexaploid shows higher nuclear genetic diversity and morphological variation than its lower-ploidy relatives, which might allow the species to respond to a wider range of environmental conditions and be responsible for its success (i.e., a broader geographic range and ecological niche). Style length is a crucial character to distinguish diploids from polyploids, which may affect pollination biology within the complex.

2026-03-20T00:00:00Z Guilcapi Pacheco, Edmundo Danilo http://hdl.handle.net/10366/170423 2026-03-14T02:09:36Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

[ES] El presente trabajo se centró en el estudio de la diversidad de macrohongos en la zona de amortiguamiento del Parque Nacional Sangay, con el fin de generar una aproximación taxonómica, ecológica, etnomicológica y bioquímica que sirva como base para su gestión y conservación; para ello se realizaron colectas en 4 zonas puntuales; Nueva Esperanza – Macas; La Candelaria – Rio Verde; Palictahua – Penipe; Cerro Negro – El Altar, colectando 657 especímenes de las cuales se identificaron 91 especies de macrohongos, representando solo una fracción de la diversidad potencial del área, dada la parcialidad en el análisis de las muestras recolectadas. El análisis preliminar evidenció una clara dominancia de hongos lignícolas, con prevalencia de los órdenes Polyporales (58,24 %) e Hymenochaetales (12,09 %), atribuible a la estrategia de muestreo enfocada en madera en descomposición. Taxonómicamente, las familias Polyporaceae, Meripilaceae, Meruliaceae, Steccherinaceae e Hymenochaetaceae resultaron las más representativas, todas con un rol esencial en la descomposición de materia orgánica, destacando su función en el reciclaje de nutrientes en ecosistemas tropicales húmedos. La presencia complementaria de familias como Mycenaceae e Hygrophoraceae sugiere una mayor complejidad ecológica, incorporando especies micorrízicas y saprobias del suelo que sustentan redes tróficas subterráneas. Desde la perspectiva etnomicológica, se evidenció una brecha entre la riqueza fúngica y su aprovechamiento cultural, con apenas un 28,8 % de las especies registradas con usos documentados. Dentro de este subconjunto, se identificó un fuerte predominio del uso biotecnológico (84,62 %), especialmente en especies como Trametes cingulata, Rigidoporus microporus y Ganoderma australe, reconocidas por su potencial en la degradación de compuestos recalcitrantes y la producción de metabolitos bioactivos. Asimismo, se documentaron usos medicinales (57,69 %) en especies tradicionalmente empleadas por comunidades locales, como Ganoderma amazonense y Amauroderma sprucei. Los usos tradicionales (30,77 %) y alimenticios (19,35 %) revelan una subvaloración de los hongos en la cotidianidad, atribuida a la escasa transmisión de saberes, subrayando la urgencia de fortalecer procesos de documentación cultural y educación comunitaria en torno al recurso fúngico. Complementariamente, el análisis fitoquímico cualitativo de Trametes cingulata y Polyporus leprieurii demostró perfiles metabólicos ricos en compuestos como taninos, alcaloides y flavonoides. La identificación exclusiva de saponinas en P. leprieurii sugiere una mayor versatilidad bioactiva de esta especie, proyectándola como candidata para aplicaciones biotecnológicas en sectores como la salud, la cosmética y la agricultura sostenible. Estos hallazgos abren la posibilidad de investigaciones futuras orientadas a la identificación estructural y evaluación biofuncional de metabolitos, así como al uso de herramientas moleculares que permitan optimizar su aprovechamiento mediante bioprospección aplicada en contextos andino-amazónicos. Finalmente, se propone un conjunto de estrategias de conservación basadas en principios de sostenibilidad biocultural, restauración ecológica y participación comunitaria. La restauración de bosques, la capacitación de actores locales, el fomento del cultivo sostenible de especies fúngicas de interés y la integración del conocimiento científico y ancestral en la gestión del área protegida, constituyen una base sólida para preservar la micodiversidad del Parque Nacional Sangay. Esta visión integradora busca equilibrar la conservación ecológica con el bienestar de las comunidades, impulsando la valorización de los hongos como recurso estratégico para la soberanía alimentaria, la salud comunitaria y el desarrollo territorial sostenible.; [EN] This study focused on the diversity of macrofungi in the buffer zone of Sangay National Park, aiming to generate a taxonomic, ecological, ethnomycological, and biochemical baseline to support their management and conservation. To this end, collections were carried out in four specific locations: Nueva Esperanza – Macas; La Candelaria – Río Verde; Palictahua – Penipe; and Cerro Negro – El Altar. 657 specimens were collected, of which 91 macrofungal species were analyzed, representing only a fraction of the area's potential fungal diversity, given the partial analysis of the collected samples. Preliminary findings revealed a clear dominance of lignicolous fungi, with a prevalence of the orders Polyporales (58.24%) and Hymenochaetales (12.09%), a pattern attributable to the sampling strategy focused on decaying wood. Taxonomically, the families Polyporaceae, Meripilaceae, Meruliaceae, Steccherinaceae, and Hymenochaetaceae were the most representative, all playing essential roles in the decomposition of organic matter and highlighting their importance in nutrient recycling in tropical humid ecosystems. The complementary presence of families such as Mycenaceae and Hygrophoraceae suggests greater ecological complexity, incorporating both mycorrhizal and soil saprobic species that sustain subterranean trophic networks. From an ethnomycological perspective, a gap was identified between fungal richness and cultural utilization, with only 28.8% of the recorded species having documented uses. Within this subset, biotechnological applications were predominant (84.62%), particularly in species such as Trametes cingulata, Rigidoporus microporus, and Ganoderma australe, known for their potential in degrading recalcitrant compounds and producing bioactive metabolites. Medicinal uses (57.69%) were also documented in species traditionally employed by local communities, including Ganoderma amazonense and Amauroderma sprucei. Traditional (30.77%) and culinary uses (19.35%) reflect the underappreciation of fungi in daily life, attributed to the limited transmission of traditional knowledge. This underscores the urgent need to strengthen cultural documentation and community education surrounding fungal resources. In addition, the qualitative phytochemical analysis of Trametes cingulata and Polyporus leprieurii revealed rich metabolic profiles containing tannins, alkaloids, and flavonoids. The exclusive identification of saponins in P. leprieurii suggests a broader bioactive versatility, positioning this species as a candidate for biotechnological applications in fields such as healthcare, cosmetics, and sustainable agriculture. These findings open up future research opportunities focused on the structural identification and biofunctional evaluation of metabolites, as well as the use of molecular tools to optimize their utilization through applied bioprospecting in Andean-Amazonian contexts. Finally, a set of conservation strategies is proposed, based on principles of biocultural sustainability, ecological restoration, and community participation. Forest restoration, the training of local stakeholders, the promotion of sustainable cultivation of valuable fungal species, and the integration of scientific and ancestral knowledge into protected area management constitute a solid foundation for preserving the mycodiversity of Sangay National Park. This integrative vision seeks to balance ecological conservation with community well-being, promoting the valorization of fungi as a strategic resource for food sovereignty, public health, and sustainable territorial development.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Martín Pinto, Pablo Fernández, Cristina Santos Vicente, María Fontúrbel, Teresa Oria de Rueda, Juan Andrés Vázquez Veloso, Aitor Stadler, Tim Mediavilla, Olaya Sanz Benito, Ignacio http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169580 2026-02-07T01:01:20Z 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z

Mediterranean ecosystems are frequently invaded by pyrophytic scrubs such as Halimium lasianthum that colonize areas traditionally used by livestock. A diverse fungal community is associated with this kind of vegetation, playing an important ecological role in these ecosystems. However, uncontrolled expansion of these shrubs considerably increases the risk of wildfires in these stands and, hence, fire-prevention treatments are needed. To investigate the long-term effects of two different forest-fire-prevention treatments on the soil fungal community, we analyzed these communities 9 years after prescribed burning or mechanical shredding were carried out in scrubland dominated by H. lasianthum. Neither of the fire-prevention treatments had a negative long-term effect on the abundance or richness of ectomycorrhizal fungi. However, saprotrophs and lichenized fungi experienced negative effects. Soil fertility significantly affected the distribution of fungi according to their functional groups, and pH was the most influential variable in terms of the distribution of edible species. Our findings indicate that forest management practices to prevent forest fires does not negatively affect the fungal community in the long-term, but for lichens and decomposers. Moreover, prescribed burning is suggested as a more economical way of reducing the risk of wildfires without affecting the ecology of the fungal community.

2023-01-01T00:00:00Z Martín Pinto, Pablo Oria de Rueda, Juan Andrés Dejene, Tatek Mediavilla, Olaya Hernández Rodríguez, María Reque, José A. Sanz Benito, Ignacio Santos Vicente, María Geml, József http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169579 2026-02-07T01:01:12Z 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z

Cistus ladanifer-dominated ecosystems are widely distributed in the Western Mediterranean basin and are affected by recurrent fires. Although these scrublands were traditionally considered unproductive, these systems provide significant ecological benefits via mushroom production, which has increased interest in better understanding these ecosystems to restore and promote productivity. We analyzed 48 plots located in Supra- and MesoMediterranean regions in western Spain to assess the soil fungal community and their ecological drivers using ITS2 rDNA Illumina Miseq. The study plots comprised young (early-stage successional stands), middle- (middle-stage successional stands), and late-stage stands. Shannon diversity index values for total fungi were higher under a MesoMediterranean than under a SupraMediterranean climate type, whereas the richness values for ectomycorrhizal (EcM) taxa were higher in late-stage stands than in the younger stands. EcM community composition was influenced by stand age, climatic variables and edaphic parameters. These C. ladanifer-dominated ecosystems support diverse fungi, including edible species such as Boletus, Lactarius, and Laccaria, under specific precipitation, temperature, and late-stage stand factor conditions. Although forest management cannot modify temperature and precipitation, management strategies that consider mosaic landscapes to reduce the severity of potential fires and that retain late successional stands could provide suitable habitats for promoting fungal diversity, production, and function in these scrubland systems.

2022-01-01T00:00:00Z Martín Pinto, Pablo Sanz Benito, Ignacio Santos Vicente, María Oria de Rueda, Juan Andrés Geml, József http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169573 2026-02-07T01:01:06Z 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z

Quercus pyrenaica-dominated forests are very widely distributed in Mediterranean ecosystems. Traditional forest use, such as coppicing to obtain firewood or livestock grazing under silvopastoral systems, and the current social abandonment of the rural environment have given rise to forest structures of different ages and at different stages of development. Thus, on the one hand, there are large areas of Q. pyrenaica coppice systems that produce a large amount of biomass that have a very high risk of driving forest fires. On the other hand, dehesas, which have very low tree density and are composed of very old trees that are susceptible to different types of environmental stress and have serious regeneration problems and a weak phytosanitary status. In addition, previous studies have suggested that the production of economically valuable edible mushrooms is negatively impacted by silvicultural management. To determine the effects of land management on these ecosystems, we analyzed the soil fungal communities associated with coppice stands (i.e., high-density coppice), high forest stands (i.e., low-density coppice that received silvicultural management 15 years ago to reduce the risk of wildfire), and old stands (i.e., dehesas) to assess their potential ecological roles in their conservation and the diversity of edible mushrooms. We also analyzed the edaphic variables associated with these systems (carbon, pH and the carbon/nitrogen ratio) to understand the dynamics of these fungal communities. We observed two distinguishable communities: pathogen-, parasite-, and endophyte-dominated dehesas and saprotroph- and ectomycorrhizal (ECM)-dominated coppice stands, with a mixed composition in high forest stands. ECM fungi correlated with stand age and structure, showing higher richness levels in high forest stands, particularly ECM fungi with short hyphal exploration type. Finally, the influence of stand age and structure due to land management significantly affected the variety of some edible genera, such as Boletus, Tuber or Terfezia.

2021-01-01T00:00:00Z Del Egido, Fermín Bariego, Patricio Rodríguez, Alberto Santos Vicente, María http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169570 2026-02-07T01:01:02Z 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z

We provide new records and notes on 25 protected and/or threatened vascular plant species in Castilla y León. Some of them illustrate not only new findings but also an interesting expansion of their geographic range. Eight taxa are reported for the first time in some provinces, while eleven of them were two or three times previously reported.

2020-01-01T00:00:00Z Miñambres Fuentes, Esperanza http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169531 2026-02-07T02:09:35Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

[ES] La comunicación entre plantas, hongos y microorganismos, previa a su contacto, se lleva a cabo por diferentes señales bioquímicas, entre las que se encuentran los compuestos orgánicos volátiles (VOCs, por sus siglas en inglés). Los VOCs son compuestos carbonados que se dispersan fácilmente por aire, líquidos y suelos porosos, pudiendo mediar así respuestas a larga distancia (Lemfack et al., 2018). Los VOCs se pueden generar a partir del metabolismo primario y del metabolismo secundario, dando lugar a una gran variedad de compuestos de naturaleza química diferente (alcoholes, cetonas, ésteres, alquenos, tioles, terpenos, etc.) (Schnürer et al., 1999). Los hongos ectomicorrícicos generan asociaciones mutualistas denominadas micorrizas con plantas leñosas (desde arbustos hasta árboles), que favorecen la toma de agua y nutrientes por parte de la planta, a la vez que los hongos obtienen los productos fotosintéticos de la planta (Drijber & McPherson, 2021; Shah, 2014). Este tipo de hongo micorrícico genera una red de hifas alrededor de las células de la raíz (red de Harting) y un manto de hifas en torno a la raíz, junto a una red extracelular que se extiende por el suelo llegando a lugares inaccesibles para la raíz (Drijber & McPherson, 2021; Martin et al., 2016). Laccaria bicolor y Hebeloma cylindrosporum son dos hongos ectomicorrícicos ampliamente utilizados en investigación, debido a su facilidad de cultivo en el laboratorio, la capacidad de realizar simbiosis controladas con árboles y sus efectos beneficiosos sobre las plantas tanto en la toma de nutrientes y agua, como en la mejora de la tolerancia a diferentes tipos de estrés biótico y abiótico (Dong et al., 2022; Cho et al., 2021; Gu et al., 2020; Cope et al., 2019; Hazard et al., 2017; Plett et al., 2011; Müller et al., 2007; Marmeisse, et al., 2004). Además, ambos hongos poseen su genoma secuenciado, lo que los convierte en buenas herramientas para analizar los mecanismos moleculares implicados en la señalización con la planta tanto durante la simbiosis como previamente a ella (Martin et al., 2008). Los hongos endófitos se asocian a distintos tejidos de casi todas las clases de plantas vasculares, así como plantas no vasculares como los musgos. Estos hongos generan enzimas para penetrar en los tejidos vegetales, pero los mecanismos y las estructuras que generan en los tejidos vegetales dependen tanto del endófito como de la planta (Gautam & Avasthi, 2019). Serendipita indica es uno de los endófitos simbiontes más estudiados, debido a la gran diversidad de plantas hospedadoras que posee, sus beneficios sobre el desarrollo de las plantas y sobre la defensa a distintos tipos de estrés y su facilidad de cultivo en el laboratorio (Saleem et al., 2022). El estudio de los efectos de los compuestos volátiles de los hongos sobre las plantas se ha vuelto más relevante en los últimos, debido a su efecto beneficioso sobre el desarrollo de las plantas y la mejora de la tolerancia de estas a distintos tipos de estrés abiótico y biótico (Chiang et al., 2024; Fraj & Werbrouck, 2023; Gil et al., 2023; Kumar et al., 2023; Laller et al., 2023; Kumar et al., 2021; Singh et al., 2021; Yasmin et al., 2021; Chowdhury et al., 2019; Li & Kang, 2018; Jalali et al., 2017; Liu & Zhang, 2015). Sin embargo, aún es bastante limitada la información acerca los mecanismos moleculares a través de los cuáles se produce la señalización de los VOCs fúngicos. Las rutas de auxinas y citoquininas parecen ser determinantes en los efectos generados por los VOCs fúngicos sobre la planta, como el mayor desarrollo de la planta, la mejora de la capacidad fotosintética, así como el cambio en la arquitectura de la raíz (Venneman et al., 2020; Li et al., 2018; Pérez-Flores et al., 2017; Ditengou et al., 2015). Actualmente las plantas deben hacer frente a diferentes tipos de estrés como el estrés osmótico, que se produce a partir de un desequilibrio en la concentración de los solutos externos e internos a las células (Yu et al., 2024; Xiong & Zhu, 2002). Tanto estrés hídrico como el estrés salino pueden producir estrés osmótico en el suelo al disminuir la disponibilidad de agua y alterar el equilibrio hídrico entre la planta y el suelo. Se ha demostrado que los VOCs fúngicos mejoran la tolerancia de las plantas a estrés hídrico y salino al generar la acumulación de osmoprotectores, producen un mayor cierre estomático y cambian la arquitectura de las raíces, evitando la pérdida excesiva de agua y mejorando la toma de esta (Yu et al., 2024; Gil et al., 2023; Laller et al., 2023; Martínez-Santos et al., 2021; Xiong & Zhu, 2002). El meristemo radicular se puede dividir en la zona del meristemo radicular, la zona de transición y la zona de diferenciación y elongación. En el meristemo apical se encuentra el centro quiescente (QC), que da lugar a las células madre que darán células hija, que o se dividirán o se diferenciarán, siendo altamente importante para el mantenimiento del meristemo el equilibrio entre división y diferenciación (Kong et al., 2018; Su et al., 2011; Stahl & Simon, 2005). WOX5 (WUSCHEL RELATED HOMEOBOX 5), es un factor de transcripción que se expresa principalmente en el QC, que es necesario para el mantenimiento del reservorio de células madre, ya que reprime las divisiones celulares de QC, asegurando la integridad del meristemo radicular (Burkart et al., 2022; Pardal & Heidstra, 2021; Sarkar et al., 2007). Existen diferentes rutas hormonales implicadas en el desarrollo radicular y el mantenimiento del meristemo radicular, entre las que destaca el antagonismo entre las rutas de auxinas y citoquininas, que controlas el equilibrio entre la división y la diferenciación celular, principalmente en la zona de transición (Zhang et al., 2013; Su et al., 2011; Dello Ioio et al., 2007; Stahl & Simon, 2005). El desarrollo de las raíces secundarias es crítico también para la conformación de la arquitectura de la raíz que, en la mayoría de las plantas dicotiledóneas, se forman a partir de las células del periciclo adyacentes a los polos del protoxilema (Jing & Strader, 2019; Fukaki & Tasaka, 2009; Casimiro et al., 2003). Las auxinas son las hormonas estimulantes principales para la iniciación y el desarrollo del primordio de la raíz lateral, y las citoquininas antagonizan este proceso. Por tanto, de nuevo el antagonismo entre auxinas y citoquininas es clave para asegurar el equilibrio entre división y diferenciación, así como el buen desarrollo de la raíz (Jing & Strader, 2019; Fukaki & Tasaka, 2009; Casimiro et al., 2003). El objetivo principal de esta Tesis Doctoral es el estudio de los efectos fisiológicos y moleculares de los compuestos volátiles emitidos por los hongos ectomicorrícicos Lacaria bicolor, Hebeloma cylindrosporum y el hongo endófito silvestre, Serendipita indica, tanto sobre la planta modelo Arabidopsis thaliana, como sobre la planta de interés forestal Populus tremuloides. Nuestros resultados han confirmado la relevancia de los VOCs fúngicos sobre la mejora del desarrollo de las plantas y de su tolerancia frente a estés osmótico. Así como la influencia del antagonismo entre auxinas y citoquininas en la modificación de la arquitectura de la raíz por parte de los VOCs fúngicos. Además, se han descrito genes que pueden ser determinantes para comprender la señalización molecular de los VOCs fúngicos. Demostrando que el análisis de los mecanismos de acción de los VOCs fúngicos y de su aplicación son clave para la creación de nuevas estrategias biotecnológicas para la mejora de la capacidad de supervivencia de las plantas ante distintos estreses.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Delgado, Luis Pinto Carrasco, Daniel Gallego Martín, Francisca Rico, Enrique http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169507 2026-02-05T01:01:42Z 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z

Seventy-five populations corresponding to 12 taxa (species or subspecies) that include Odontites (9 taxa), Odontitella (1 taxon) and Macrosyringion (1 taxon) from the Iberian Peninsula, and Bartsiella (1 taxon) from Morocco have been studied. For the first time, a chromosome number is reported for the genus Bartsiella, monospecific and endemic to Morocco, B. rameauana (2n = 24), and Odontites kaliformis (2n = 22), O. viscosus subsp. asturicus (2n = 24) and O. viscosus subsp. granatensis (n = 11), endemic to the Iberian Peninsula. A new chromosome number is vreported for Macrosyringion longiflorum (2n = 22), Odontitella virgata (n = 12), O. viscosus subsp. australis (2n = 20, 22, 24) and O. recordonii (2n = 26). All the studied taxa were diploid (2x). In the case of O. vernus s.l., a tetraploid level (4x) was also found. This species in its wider sense includes O. vernus s.str. and O. vulgaris, which is often considered an independent species. Out of the forty-six populations of O. vernus s.l. studied, thirty were found to be tetraploid (2n = 4x = 40, O. vernus for many authors) and sixteen to be diploid (2n = 2x = 20, O. vulgaris for many authors).

2015-01-01T00:00:00Z Pinto Carrasco, Daniel http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169506 2026-02-05T01:01:42Z 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z

[ES] Se cita por primera vez en Castilla y León Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn. (Solanaceae), planta oriunda de Perú. Ha sido localizada en un huerto de Castrillo de la Vega (provincia de Burgos - España). Se discute sobre la procedencia de las semillas. [EN] Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn. (Solanaceae), a new xenophyte for the flora of Castilla y León (Spain). First reference on the presence of Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn. (Solanaceae), native of Perú, in the flora of Castilla y León is provided. This species has been located in an orchard in Castrillo de la Vega (Burgos province, Spain). The provenance of the seeds is discussed.

2019-01-01T00:00:00Z Pinto‐Carrasco, Daniel Delgado, Luis Sánchez Agudo, José A. Rico, Enrique Martínez‐Ortega, M. Montserrat http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169505 2026-02-05T01:01:41Z 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z

Premise: Ecological drivers for genetic differentiation in Mediterranean climates are still underexplored. We have used the strictly Mediterranean endemic Odontites recordonii as a model species to address this question. This species is one of the three Iberian representatives of the O. vernus group, which are morphologically similar. Thus, it was additionally necessary to clarify their phylogenetic relationships. Methods: We used amplified fragment length polymorphisms to reveal phylogenetic relationships within O. vernus group, and to reconstruct the phylogeographic patterns within O. recordonii. Additionally, ecological niche models were generated to detect refugia along the Quaternary climatic oscillations. And finally, alleles under natural selection were identified, and correlations between allele presences and environmental variables were calculated in order to shed light on the ecological drivers promoting differentiation. Results: The three species from the O. vernus group were recovered as distinct species. Three genetic groups were found within O. recordonii and a putative refugium was detected for each one. Eighty‐one alleles could be under diversifying selection, and 58 alleles showed significant correlations with environmental variables, especially with temperature and precipitation seasonality and summer drought. Conclusions: The three Iberian species of the O. vernus group are reciprocal monophyletic taxa. The three genetic groups of O. recordonii could have been restricted to narrow refugia during the Quaternary and displayed present distributions in accordance with bioclimatic conditions. Temperature and precipitation seasonality and the intensity of summer drought are definitory climatic parameters of Mediterranean‐type climates, and they could have acted as drivers of genetic differentiation on O. recordonii.

2022-01-01T00:00:00Z Pinto‐Carrasco, Daniel Rico, Enrique Martínez‐Ortega, M. Montserrat http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169504 2026-02-05T01:01:40Z 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z

The Odontites vernus group is the most widespread of the genus Odontites, occupying the temperate regions of Eurasia and northern Morocco. The group contains three species, all inhabiting the Iberian Peninsula, where O. vernus s.l. (sensu lato) exhibits remarkable morphological variability and includes diploid and tetraploid individuals corresponding to the two subspecies that occur there. We collected 301 individuals from 100 sampling sites covering the entire distribution of O. vernus in the Iberian Peninsula and genotyped them using 12 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Their ploidy level was estimated by flow cytometry, and two cpDNA regions (rps16 intron and trnK-rps16) were sequenced. We found 129 diploids and 172 tetraploids distributed following a mosaic parapatry model, while only two mixed-ploidy populations were discovered. The 20 haplotypes found fit two well-defined haplogroups, to some extent correlated with estimated ploidy levels. The frequencies of the SSR alleles shared by both cytotypes, as well as those of the private alleles corresponding to the tetraploid cytotype, indicate that tetraploids likely originated at least twice through autopolyploidy. Additionally, the results from SSR markers were structured in a higher number of groups than did the cpDNA sequences. Thus, the genetic distance analysis detected four groups, but the Bayesian analysis of population structure identified seven, with only low levels of gene flow detected among groups. The distributions of the seven genetic groups coincide with well-known refugium areas within the Iberian Peninsula during the climatic oscillations of the Quaternary. Thus, the results give additional support to the “refugia within refugia” hypothesis.

2022-01-01T00:00:00Z Santos Vicente, María Martínez-Ortega, M. Montserrat Rico, Enrique http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169439 2026-02-04T01:00:59Z 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z

Revisión taxonómica del género Limbarda Adans. (Compositae) en la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares.

2019-01-01T00:00:00Z Santos Vicente, María Gutiérrez-Larruscain, David Martínez-Ortega, M. Montserrat Rico, Enrique http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169438 2026-02-04T01:00:57Z 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z

Revisión taxonómica del género Inula L. (Compositae) en la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares.

2019-01-01T00:00:00Z ANDRÉS-SÁNCHEZ, SANTIAGO RICO, ENRIQUE HERRERO, ALBERTO Santos Vicente, María MARTÍNEZ-ORTEGA, M. MONTSERRAT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169433 2026-02-03T01:01:05Z 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z

The aim of this study was to quantify the phenotypic differences amongst the taxa included in Veronica subgenus Pentasepalae, represented in the western Mediterranean area. In combination with previously obtained data on genotypic differences, this enabled the recognition of eight taxonomic units. The delimitation of the boundaries among species and subspecies was mainly based on molecular data, whereas the best characters to discriminate taxa were selected after an accurate study of herbarium material and living populations. Such a selection was also supported by a detailed morphometric study of 30 quantitative leaf traits in 88 populations. Several morphological characters, including the length of the trichomes, length of the petiole and leaf division, were found to be robust, and could be useful in the identification of the taxa involved. As a conclusion, a key to the taxa is proposed, as well as a complete nomenclatural treatment for the group, which includes the typification of several names.

2009-01-01T00:00:00Z Santos Vicente, María Bariego Hernández, Patricio Delgado, Luis Gavilán, Laura Patricia Gastón, Aitor http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169432 2026-02-03T01:01:03Z 2008-01-01T00:00:00Z

Se ha realizado una primera aproximación a la orquidoflora presente en la provincia de Valladolid, que consta por el momento de un total de 23 taxones incluidos en 9 géneros. Se aportan nuevos datos para 19 de los 23 taxones de orquídeas presentes en Valladolid y uno de ellos (Orchis purpurea Huds.) es primera cita provincial; además, 8 de ellos han servido de testigo para la indicación provincial de Flora iberica.

2008-01-01T00:00:00Z MUÑOZ-CENTENO, LUZ M. DELGADO-SÁNCHEZ, LUIS Santos Vicente, María MARTÍNEZ-ORTEGA, M. MONTSERRAT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169431 2026-02-03T01:01:01Z 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z

Veronica subsect. Veronica in the western Mediterranean area is revised taxonomically in light of new karyological, palynological, and further diagnostic morphological features. The data confirm that the subsection comprises only two species and a hybrid taxon. Many previously recognized species are reduced to synonyms. An updated taxonomic treatment is supplied, including detailed descriptions of the taxa involved, as well as a list of synonyms, types of name, selected representative specimens, and a distribution map.

2007-01-01T00:00:00Z