http://hdl.handle.net/10366/147723 2026-05-04T00:18:53Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/148062 There are many convergences and affinities between religion and sport. This happens since long time ago. Greece is a good example for this. The Olympics were born there because of a religious context.The modern Olympics started in 1896 as a turning point in the history of the sport. Their roots were both ethical and religious, if we consider the person of the founder, de Coubertin.Today the link between religion and sport is well evident, and it is more and more stressed through rites, prayers, gestures, symbols, and many other modalities, that are present in sport events, their preparation, and following moments.Sociological studies confirm a relevant presence of religious inspiration for sport activities, which are accompanied by religious practices and behaviors, from their foundation till the legitimation of past memories.Namely in soccer competitions para-religious movements and cults are active in order to reach positive results, in a continuous search for the victory.; Sono numerosi i punti di contatto e le affinità fra religione e sport. Il che avviene sin dai tempi più antichi. Esemplare è il caso della Grecia, dove non a caso sono sorte le Olimpiadi in un contesto e con motivazioni a carattere tipicamente religioso.La stessa ripresa dei Giochi Olimpici nel 1896 rappresenta un momento di svolta per la storia dello sport ma evidenzia anche le ragioni profondamente etiche (e religiose) che animavano il loro fondatore, il barone de Coubertin.Oggi sotto diverse forme ed in situazioni favorevoli il legame fra religione e sport si va rafforzando tanto da poter verificare la presenza di riti, preghiere, formule, gesti, simboli e ruoli tipicamente religiosi anche in avvenimenti sportivi, nel corso della loro preparazione come nelle fasi successive allo svolgimento delle competizioni.Vari studi sul campo mostrano che specialmente entro modelli d'ispirazione cristiana vigono e si diffondono pratiche religiose che accompagnano da vicino le dinamiche relative all'organizzazione di gare in diversi sport, a partire dai momenti fondativi per giungere sino ai processi di legittimazione delle memorie del passato.Soprattutto nel campo del calcio esistono forme di divismo, movimenti parareligiosi e culti propiziatori ed esorcistici tesi ad ottenere risultati agonistici continuamente positivi. 2015-10-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/148063 The topic according to this title is admittedly a broad one, embracing two very general concepts of time and of the cultural valuation of artistic products. Both phenomena are, in the present view, largely constructed by their contemporary cultures, and given authority to a great extent from the prestige of the past. The antiquity of tradition brings with it a certain cachet. Even though there may be peripheral debates in any given society which question the specifics of periodization or canonicity, individuals generally accept the consensus designation of a sequence of historical periods and they accept a list of highly valued artistic works as canonical or authoritative. We will first examine some of the processes of periodization and of canon-formation, after which we will discuss some specific examples of how these processes have worked in the sport of two ancient cultures, namely Greece and Mesoamerica.; El tema presentado bajo este título es ciertamente muy amplio, ya que abarca dos conceptos de tiempo y de valorización cultural de los productos artísticos muy generales. Ambos fenómenos son, en la visión actual, ampliamente construidos por sus culturas contemporáneas, y han recibido autoridad en gran medida a partir del prestigio del pasado. La antigüedad de la tradición trae con ella cierta distinción. Incluso aunque puede haber debates periféricos en cualquier sociedad dada que cuestionen las especificidades de la periodización o de la canonicidad, generalmente se acepta la designación consensuada de una secuencia de períodos históricos y se acepta igualmente una lista de trabajos artísticos de alto valor como canónica o con autoridad. Examinaremos primero algunos de los procesos de periodización y de formación de cánones, tras lo cual discutiremos algunos ejemplos específicos de cómo estos procesos han funcionado en el deporte de dos antiguas culturas, en concreto Grecia y Mesoamérica. 2015-10-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/148064 In the frame of the historical and political situation of the postwar period after the 2nd World War, the reconstruction of Italian Sport begins after the long interval of the fascist period. Besides the Italian National Olympic Committee (INOC), new bodies emerge concerning sports and contributing to win over the Italian society; between all of them the Italian Sport Center (ISC) stands out.This research has as a target the inquiry about the contribution of the organization of catholic sport to help the development of the national sport system. From the privileged relation given by the Pope Pacelli to the catholic sporting people, working out with his speeches a conception of «Christianly and healthily intense» sport, able to guide and direct them in facing this phenomenon in continuous expansion. To the introduction of Luigi Gedda's character, the president of the ISC from 1944, the year of its foundation, until 1960, the year of the XVII Olympiad in Rome, who represents the union link between the ecclesiastical hierarchy, the ISC and the sport. To the activity of the ISC in the 50s, when a substantial development of its pledge and its activities has been seen in front of the sporting youth, made concrete through a higher number of federated ones. But specially to the working behavior developed before by this catholic organization facing the Olympic Games of Rome in 1960, with the preparation of the Olympic Journey designed by the INOC for spreading the Olympic spirit among population in all places of Italy and for requesting the development of a critical awareness in front of the Italians' high motive illiteracy.; All'interno di una cornice che descrive la situazione storico-politica del primo II dopoguerra, la ricostruzione dello sport italiano prende l'abbrivo dopo la lunga parentesi del periodo fascista. Accanto al Comitato Olimpico Nazionale Italiano (Coni) emergono nuovi organismi che si occupano di sport e contribuiscono ad arricchire la società italiana, tra tutti spicca il Centro Sportivo Italiano (CSI).Questa ricerca ha lo scopo di indagare il contributo che l'organizzazione dello sport cattolico ha messo in campo a favore dello sviluppo del sistema sportivo nazionale. Dalla relazione privilegiata che papa Pacelli ha concesso al popolo sportivo cattolico elaborando con i suoi discorsi una concezione di sport «cristianamente e sanamente inteso», capace di guidarlo e orientarlo di fronte a questo fenomeno in continua espansione. Alla presentazione della figura di Luigi Gedda, presidente del Csi dal 1944, anno della sua fondazione, fino al 1960, anno della XVII Olimpiade romana, e che ha rappresentato il trait d'union tra le gerarchie ecclesiastiche, il Csi e lo sport. All'alacre attività del Csi degli anni Cinquanta che ha visto un sostanziale sviluppo del suo impegno e delle sue attività nei confronti del gioventù sportiva che si è concretizzato attraverso il riscontro di un maggiore numero di tesserati. Ma soprattutto all'operosa condotta portata avanti da questa organizzazione cattolica in prospettiva dei Giochi Olimpici di Roma del 1960 con la preparazione della Giornata Olimpica indetta dal Coni per diffondere lo spirito olimpico tra la popolazione in ogni luogo d'Italia e per sollecitare lo sviluppo di una coscienza critica di fronte al vasto analfabetismo motorio degli italiani. 2015-10-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/148065 The present practice on Mesoamerican ball-games has come strengthening the mobilization of knowledge about Mayan spiritualities. The ceremonies are a central component during the ball-games in their forearm fashion: Chaaj in Guatemala; and in their hip fashion: Pok-Ta-Pok in Mexico and Chajchaay in Guatemala. These ancestral corporal heritages are in circulation as a sporting-competitive choice, but also in an exhibition format for different audiences. For each event, actually to undertake the training days, the groups count on the presence of an ajq'ij (a spiritual guide or priest) who carries on a ritual ceremony before, during and after it. These moments evoke the altars, the counting of nahuales and the proper materials for the offerings in the ceremonial fire. With the scope of a better understanding of the sacred dimension of the present Mesoamerican ball-games, it is important for us to think in the moments which are stages of the spiritualities; these communicate, spread and recreate a new milestone for the original peoples, from where they address education, arts, sports and ideologies, as traditionally fetched from the national states.; La práctica actual de los juegos de pelota mesoamericana ha venido reforzando la movilización de los conocimientos sobre las espiritualidades mayas. Las ceremonias son un componente central durante los juegos de pelota en su modalidad de antebrazo: Chaaj en Guatemala; y en su modalidad de cadera: Pok-Ta-Pok en México y Chajchaay en Guatemala. Estos patrimonios corporales ancestrales están circulando como opción deportiva-competitiva, pero también en un formato de exhibición para públicos diversos. Para cada evento, incluso para realizar las jornadas de entrenamiento, los grupos cuentan con la presencia de un ajq'ij (guía espiritual o sacerdote) que realiza un acto ritual antes, durante y después. Estos momentos evocan los altares, los conteos de los nahuales y los materiales propios de las ofrendas en el fuego ceremonial. Con el fin de comprender la dimensión sagrada de los juegos de pelota mesoamericana en la actualidad, es importante remitirnos a los momentos en que son escenario de las espiritualidades que comunican, expanden y re-crean un nuevo hito para los pueblos originarios, desde donde interpelan la educación, las artes, los deportes y las ideologías tradicionalmente endilgadas desde los Estados nacionales. 2015-10-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/148060 It's often repeated that women did not take part in the ancient Olympics, but this affirmation needs certain notes. The reasons because of which the sport for women in Ancient Greece and their competitions were always closely tied to the cult and religious context on which they took place are studied on these pages. Nevertheless some evidences from Roman imperial age have made that various scholars raised the possibility of sport for women getting detached of their highly close bonds with initiating and premarriage rituals; even being included in the great sport competitions, maybe more as a spectacle that as a cult ceremony.; La tan repetida afirmación de que en los Juegos Olímpicos antiguos las mujeres no participaban requiere ciertos matices. En estas páginas se estudian las razones por las que el deporte femenino en la antigua Grecia y sus competiciones se mantuvieron siempre muy estrechamente ligadas al contexto cultual y religioso en el que se celebraban. Sin embargo, en época imperial romana, algunos testimonios han hecho que diversos estudiosos se hayan planteado la posibilidad de que hubiera podido desprenderse de alguna manera de su estrechísima vinculación con los rituales iniciáticos y prematrimoniales, y haber tenido cabida incluso en las grandes competiciones deportivas, quizá ya más como espectáculo que como acto de culto. 2015-10-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/148061 In Classical Greece, the institution of democracy in Athens allowed all its citizens to get access to politics, but athletics were only played by the elite of the society. This paper deals with the ties between democracy and sport practice in Athens, looking for and analyzing the reasons because of which athletics were highly valued and supported by the lower class. This support was made through pro-sport politics, in the management of sporting infrastructure and protection of athletics from the public criticism that was normally directed at the upper class and its conspicuous activities. One of those reasons was the conception of sporting events and war-battles in identical terms.; En la Grecia de época clásica, la institución de la democracia en Atenas permitió que todos sus ciudadanos pudieran acceder a la política, pero el atletismo sólo era practicado por la élite de la sociedad. Este artículo pretende estudiar la relación entre la democracia y la práctica deportiva en Atenas, buscando y analizando las razones por las que la clase inferior valorase muy positivamente y apoyara los juegos atléticos mediante políticas favorables, tanto en la administración de la infraestructura deportiva como en la protección de la crítica pública, dirigida habitualmente hacia todas las actividades de la clase superior. Una de esas razones fue la concepción similar de los eventos deportivos y de los combates de la guerra. 2015-10-05T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/148059 2015-10-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/148058 2015-10-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/148053 2015-10-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/148054 2015-10-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/148057 2015-10-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/148056 2015-10-08T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/148055 2015-10-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/148050 The main goal of this current article is identifying the conception of the one in the disciplines of philosophy, sociology, psychoanalisis and logotherapy; in the perspective of the subject's objective choice. In order to accomplish the study of such conceptions, one and its choice, besides the specialists from each discipline already mentioned, distinct author's conceptions have also been considered. Their overlay contributes to a better understanding of current interests concerning the process of choice by each person, as well as the basic principles which lead one. As result, the standpoint that leads one to choose an object, isn't necessarily identical to the objective importance that the object has itself: an object of choice such as vocation, may be not only a value itself, but also chosen by deeply personal reasons and interests.; O presente artigo tem por objetivo principal identificar o conceito de pessoa nas Disciplinas da Filosofia, Sociologia, Psicanálise e Logoterapia; na perspectiva da escolha objetiva do sujeito. Para realizar o estudo desses conceitos, pessoa e escolha, foram utilizadas concepções de diversos autores, além dos teóricos próprios de cada uma das Disciplinas supracitadas. A imbricação entre os distintos teóricos contribui na compreensão dos interesses presentes no processo de escolha de cada pessoa e, nos princípios básicos que o norteia. Com efeito, o ponto de vista que leva uma pessoa a escolher um objeto não é necessariamente idêntico à importância objetiva que o objeto tem em si mesmo: um objeto de escolha como a vocação, pode ser um valor em si mesmo e ainda assim, ser escolhido por razões e interesses profundamente pessoais. 2015-10-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/148051 2015-10-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/148052 2015-10-01T00:00:00Z