http://hdl.handle.net/10366/4066 Tue, 21 Apr 2026 23:13:01 GMT 2026-04-21T23:13:01Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/170820 [EN] The Balkan Peninsula is a biodiversity hotspot where topographic and habitat heterogeneity have shaped genetic differentiation. Polyploidization significantly contributes to diversification within plant lineages, including the allopolyploid complex of the Austrian speedwell, which comprises diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid lineages. We sampled 751 individuals from 50 populations belonging to this complex across the Balkan Peninsula and Central Europe. Diversity patterns were investigated through microsatellite markers (SSRs), plastid DNA sequences, ploidy estimations, morphological data and climatic niche differentiation analysis. Five lineages were detected within the complex according to nuclear DNA data. The plastid DNA haplotypes form two main groups that overall match those detected by SSR data and could suggest that the hexaploid lineage resulted from two different allopolyploid events. The hexaploid shows higher nuclear genetic diversity and morphological variation than its lower-ploidy relatives, which might allow the species to respond to a wider range of environmental conditions and be responsible for its success (i.e., a broader geographic range and ecological niche). Style length is a crucial character to distinguish diploids from polyploids, which may affect pollination biology within the complex. Fri, 20 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/170820 2026-03-20T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169580 Mediterranean ecosystems are frequently invaded by pyrophytic scrubs such as Halimium lasianthum that colonize areas traditionally used by livestock. A diverse fungal community is associated with this kind of vegetation, playing an important ecological role in these ecosystems. However, uncontrolled expansion of these shrubs considerably increases the risk of wildfires in these stands and, hence, fire-prevention treatments are needed. To investigate the long-term effects of two different forest-fire-prevention treatments on the soil fungal community, we analyzed these communities 9 years after prescribed burning or mechanical shredding were carried out in scrubland dominated by H. lasianthum. Neither of the fire-prevention treatments had a negative long-term effect on the abundance or richness of ectomycorrhizal fungi. However, saprotrophs and lichenized fungi experienced negative effects. Soil fertility significantly affected the distribution of fungi according to their functional groups, and pH was the most influential variable in terms of the distribution of edible species. Our findings indicate that forest management practices to prevent forest fires does not negatively affect the fungal community in the long-term, but for lichens and decomposers. Moreover, prescribed burning is suggested as a more economical way of reducing the risk of wildfires without affecting the ecology of the fungal community. Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169580 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169579 Cistus ladanifer-dominated ecosystems are widely distributed in the Western Mediterranean basin and are affected by recurrent fires. Although these scrublands were traditionally considered unproductive, these systems provide significant ecological benefits via mushroom production, which has increased interest in better understanding these ecosystems to restore and promote productivity. We analyzed 48 plots located in Supra- and MesoMediterranean regions in western Spain to assess the soil fungal community and their ecological drivers using ITS2 rDNA Illumina Miseq. The study plots comprised young (early-stage successional stands), middle- (middle-stage successional stands), and late-stage stands. Shannon diversity index values for total fungi were higher under a MesoMediterranean than under a SupraMediterranean climate type, whereas the richness values for ectomycorrhizal (EcM) taxa were higher in late-stage stands than in the younger stands. EcM community composition was influenced by stand age, climatic variables and edaphic parameters. These C. ladanifer-dominated ecosystems support diverse fungi, including edible species such as Boletus, Lactarius, and Laccaria, under specific precipitation, temperature, and late-stage stand factor conditions. Although forest management cannot modify temperature and precipitation, management strategies that consider mosaic landscapes to reduce the severity of potential fires and that retain late successional stands could provide suitable habitats for promoting fungal diversity, production, and function in these scrubland systems. Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169579 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169573 Quercus pyrenaica-dominated forests are very widely distributed in Mediterranean ecosystems. Traditional forest use, such as coppicing to obtain firewood or livestock grazing under silvopastoral systems, and the current social abandonment of the rural environment have given rise to forest structures of different ages and at different stages of development. Thus, on the one hand, there are large areas of Q. pyrenaica coppice systems that produce a large amount of biomass that have a very high risk of driving forest fires. On the other hand, dehesas, which have very low tree density and are composed of very old trees that are susceptible to different types of environmental stress and have serious regeneration problems and a weak phytosanitary status. In addition, previous studies have suggested that the production of economically valuable edible mushrooms is negatively impacted by silvicultural management. To determine the effects of land management on these ecosystems, we analyzed the soil fungal communities associated with coppice stands (i.e., high-density coppice), high forest stands (i.e., low-density coppice that received silvicultural management 15 years ago to reduce the risk of wildfire), and old stands (i.e., dehesas) to assess their potential ecological roles in their conservation and the diversity of edible mushrooms. We also analyzed the edaphic variables associated with these systems (carbon, pH and the carbon/nitrogen ratio) to understand the dynamics of these fungal communities. We observed two distinguishable communities: pathogen-, parasite-, and endophyte-dominated dehesas and saprotroph- and ectomycorrhizal (ECM)-dominated coppice stands, with a mixed composition in high forest stands. ECM fungi correlated with stand age and structure, showing higher richness levels in high forest stands, particularly ECM fungi with short hyphal exploration type. Finally, the influence of stand age and structure due to land management significantly affected the variety of some edible genera, such as Boletus, Tuber or Terfezia. Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169573 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169570 We provide new records and notes on 25 protected and/or threatened vascular plant species in Castilla y León. Some of them illustrate not only new findings but also an interesting expansion of their geographic range. Eight taxa are reported for the first time in some provinces, while eleven of them were two or three times previously reported. Wed, 01 Jan 2020 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169570 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169507 Seventy-five populations corresponding to 12 taxa (species or subspecies) that include Odontites (9 taxa), Odontitella (1 taxon) and Macrosyringion (1 taxon) from the Iberian Peninsula, and Bartsiella (1 taxon) from Morocco have been studied. For the first time, a chromosome number is reported for the genus Bartsiella, monospecific and endemic to Morocco, B. rameauana (2n = 24), and Odontites kaliformis (2n = 22), O. viscosus subsp. asturicus (2n = 24) and O. viscosus subsp. granatensis (n = 11), endemic to the Iberian Peninsula. A new chromosome number is vreported for Macrosyringion longiflorum (2n = 22), Odontitella virgata (n = 12), O. viscosus subsp. australis (2n = 20, 22, 24) and O. recordonii (2n = 26). All the studied taxa were diploid (2x). In the case of O. vernus s.l., a tetraploid level (4x) was also found. This species in its wider sense includes O. vernus s.str. and O. vulgaris, which is often considered an independent species. Out of the forty-six populations of O. vernus s.l. studied, thirty were found to be tetraploid (2n = 4x = 40, O. vernus for many authors) and sixteen to be diploid (2n = 2x = 20, O. vulgaris for many authors). Thu, 01 Jan 2015 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169507 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169506 [ES] Se cita por primera vez en Castilla y León Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn. (Solanaceae), planta oriunda de Perú. Ha sido localizada en un huerto de Castrillo de la Vega (provincia de Burgos - España). Se discute sobre la procedencia de las semillas. [EN] Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn. (Solanaceae), a new xenophyte for the flora of Castilla y León (Spain). First reference on the presence of Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn. (Solanaceae), native of Perú, in the flora of Castilla y León is provided. This species has been located in an orchard in Castrillo de la Vega (Burgos province, Spain). The provenance of the seeds is discussed. Tue, 01 Jan 2019 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169506 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169505 Premise: Ecological drivers for genetic differentiation in Mediterranean climates are still underexplored. We have used the strictly Mediterranean endemic Odontites recordonii as a model species to address this question. This species is one of the three Iberian representatives of the O. vernus group, which are morphologically similar. Thus, it was additionally necessary to clarify their phylogenetic relationships. Methods: We used amplified fragment length polymorphisms to reveal phylogenetic relationships within O. vernus group, and to reconstruct the phylogeographic patterns within O. recordonii. Additionally, ecological niche models were generated to detect refugia along the Quaternary climatic oscillations. And finally, alleles under natural selection were identified, and correlations between allele presences and environmental variables were calculated in order to shed light on the ecological drivers promoting differentiation. Results: The three species from the O. vernus group were recovered as distinct species. Three genetic groups were found within O. recordonii and a putative refugium was detected for each one. Eighty‐one alleles could be under diversifying selection, and 58 alleles showed significant correlations with environmental variables, especially with temperature and precipitation seasonality and summer drought. Conclusions: The three Iberian species of the O. vernus group are reciprocal monophyletic taxa. The three genetic groups of O. recordonii could have been restricted to narrow refugia during the Quaternary and displayed present distributions in accordance with bioclimatic conditions. Temperature and precipitation seasonality and the intensity of summer drought are definitory climatic parameters of Mediterranean‐type climates, and they could have acted as drivers of genetic differentiation on O. recordonii. Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169505 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169504 The Odontites vernus group is the most widespread of the genus Odontites, occupying the temperate regions of Eurasia and northern Morocco. The group contains three species, all inhabiting the Iberian Peninsula, where O. vernus s.l. (sensu lato) exhibits remarkable morphological variability and includes diploid and tetraploid individuals corresponding to the two subspecies that occur there. We collected 301 individuals from 100 sampling sites covering the entire distribution of O. vernus in the Iberian Peninsula and genotyped them using 12 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Their ploidy level was estimated by flow cytometry, and two cpDNA regions (rps16 intron and trnK-rps16) were sequenced. We found 129 diploids and 172 tetraploids distributed following a mosaic parapatry model, while only two mixed-ploidy populations were discovered. The 20 haplotypes found fit two well-defined haplogroups, to some extent correlated with estimated ploidy levels. The frequencies of the SSR alleles shared by both cytotypes, as well as those of the private alleles corresponding to the tetraploid cytotype, indicate that tetraploids likely originated at least twice through autopolyploidy. Additionally, the results from SSR markers were structured in a higher number of groups than did the cpDNA sequences. Thus, the genetic distance analysis detected four groups, but the Bayesian analysis of population structure identified seven, with only low levels of gene flow detected among groups. The distributions of the seven genetic groups coincide with well-known refugium areas within the Iberian Peninsula during the climatic oscillations of the Quaternary. Thus, the results give additional support to the “refugia within refugia” hypothesis. Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169504 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169433 The aim of this study was to quantify the phenotypic differences amongst the taxa included in Veronica subgenus Pentasepalae, represented in the western Mediterranean area. In combination with previously obtained data on genotypic differences, this enabled the recognition of eight taxonomic units. The delimitation of the boundaries among species and subspecies was mainly based on molecular data, whereas the best characters to discriminate taxa were selected after an accurate study of herbarium material and living populations. Such a selection was also supported by a detailed morphometric study of 30 quantitative leaf traits in 88 populations. Several morphological characters, including the length of the trichomes, length of the petiole and leaf division, were found to be robust, and could be useful in the identification of the taxa involved. As a conclusion, a key to the taxa is proposed, as well as a complete nomenclatural treatment for the group, which includes the typification of several names. Thu, 01 Jan 2009 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169433 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169432 Se ha realizado una primera aproximación a la orquidoflora presente en la provincia de Valladolid, que consta por el momento de un total de 23 taxones incluidos en 9 géneros. Se aportan nuevos datos para 19 de los 23 taxones de orquídeas presentes en Valladolid y uno de ellos (Orchis purpurea Huds.) es primera cita provincial; además, 8 de ellos han servido de testigo para la indicación provincial de Flora iberica. Tue, 01 Jan 2008 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169432 2008-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169431 Veronica subsect. Veronica in the western Mediterranean area is revised taxonomically in light of new karyological, palynological, and further diagnostic morphological features. The data confirm that the subsection comprises only two species and a hybrid taxon. Many previously recognized species are reduced to synonyms. An updated taxonomic treatment is supplied, including detailed descriptions of the taxa involved, as well as a list of synonyms, types of name, selected representative specimens, and a distribution map. Mon, 01 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169431 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169423 Chromosome numbers of several species of the genus Inula (Asteraceae) in the Western Mediterranean area. First chromosome count for Inula helvetica is reported, as well as new chromosome number (cytotype) for Inula bifrons, I. conyzae, I. ensifolia & I. helenium. Photographs of mitotic metaphases are provided. Thu, 01 Jan 2009 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169423 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169403 Original material for the endemic Iberian species Odontitella virgata, initially described as Euphrasia linifolia sensu Brot., non L., does not exist. A specimen from Valorado's herbarium (LISU) is chosen here as neotype for the name of the species now placed in the monotypic genus Odontitella. The same specimen is selected as neotype for Euphrasia tenuifolia Pers., basionym of Odontites tenuifolia (Pers.) G. Don, the correct name for these plants in Odontites. In addition, a lectotype is selected for the synonym Odontites aragonensis Willk. Macrosyringion longiflorum, the type of the generic name Macrosyringion, is lectotypified here by a specimen deposited in the Lamarck collections in Paris (P-LA), since that French botanist was the author of the basionym Euphrasia longiflora and not Vahl, to whom authorship has hitherto been generally attributed. Tue, 01 Jan 2008 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169403 2008-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169401 23 new typifications of names in Inula—four of them being basyonyms of currently accepted species under Pentanema (P. helenioides, P. helveticum, P. langeanum and P. maletii)—, and 2 new typifications of names in Aster are provided in this paper. 18 new lectotypes, 7 neotypes and one epitype are designated. Additional materials relevant to typification and protologue citation are indicated in each case. Finally, a new combination in Pentanema (P. squarrosum) is proposed. Tue, 01 Jan 2019 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169401 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169205 Nitric oxide (NO) is a gasotransmitter required in a broad range of mechanisms controlling plant development and stress conditions. However, little is known about the specific role of this signaling molecule during lipid storage in the seeds. Here, we show that NO is accumulated in developing embryos and regulates the fatty acid profile through the stabilization of the basic/leucine zipper transcription factor bZIP67. NO and nitro-linolenic acid target and accumulate bZIP67 to induce the downstream expression of FAD3 desaturase, which is misregulated in a non-nitrosylable version of the protein. Moreover, the post-translational modification of bZIP67 is reversible by the trans-denitrosylation activity of peroxiredoxin IIE and defines a feedback mechanism for bZIP67 redox regulation. These findings provide a molecular framework to control the seed fatty acid profile caused by NO, and evidence of the in vivo functionality of nitro-fatty acids during plant developmental signaling. Tue, 23 Apr 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/169205 2024-04-23T00:00:00Z