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Título
Relation among Aromatase P450 and Tumoral Growth in Human Prolactinomas
Autor(es)
Materia
Endocrinology
Pituitary gland
Aromatase
Prolactinoma
Hipófisis
Aromatasa
Fecha de publicación
2017
Editor
MDPI Publishing (Basilea, Suiza)
Citación
García-Barrado, M.J.; Blanco, E.J.; Iglesias-Osma, M.C.; Carretero-Hernández, M.; Catalano-Iniesta, L.; Sanchez-Robledo, V.; Carretero, M.; Herrero, J.J.; Carrero, S.; Carretero, J. (2017). Relation among Aromatase P450 and Tumoral Growth in Human Prolactinomas. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 18 (11)
Resumen
[EN]The pituitary gland is part of hypothalamic-pituitary–gonadal axis, which controls
development, reproduction, and aging in humans and animals. In addition, the pituitary gland
is regulated mainly by hormones and neurotransmitters released from the hypothalamus and
by systemic hormones secreted by target glands. Aromatase P450, the enzyme responsible for
the catabolization of aromatizable androgens to estrogens, is expressed in different parts of body,
including the pituitary gland. Moreover, aromatase P450 is involved in sexual dimorphism where
alteration in the level of aromatase can initiate a number of diseases in both genders. On the other
hand, the direct actions of estrogens, mainly estradiol, are well known for stimulating prolactin
release. Numerous studies have shown that changes in the levels of estrogens, among other factors,
have been implicated in the genesis and development of prolactinoma. The pituitary gland can
produce estradiol locally in several types of endocrine cells, and it is possible that aromatase could be
responsible for the maintenance of the population of lactotroph cells and the modulation of the action
of central or peripheral regulators. Aromatase overexpression due to inappropriate gene regulation
has clinical effects such as the pathogenesis of prolactinomas. The present study reports on the
synthesis of pituitary aromatase, its regulation by gonadal steroids, and the physiological roles of
aromatase on pituitary endocrine cells. The involvement of aromatase in the pathogenesis of pituitary
tumors, mainly prolactinomas, through the auto-paracrine production of estradiol is reviewed.
URI
ISSN
1422-0067
Versión del editor
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