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Título
Low-loss 3D-laser-written mid-infrared LiNbO_3 depressed-index cladding waveguides for both TE and TM polarizations
Autor(es)
Materia
High numerical aperture optics
Laser materials processing
Material properties
Nonlinear optical devices
Refractive index
Waveguide modes
Fecha de publicación
2017-02
Citación
Huu-Dat Nguyen, Airán Ródenas, Javier R. Vázquez de Aldana, Guillermo Martín, Javier Martínez, Magdalena Aguiló, Maria Cinta Pujol, and Francesc Díaz, "Low-loss 3D-laser-written mid-infrared LiNbO3 depressed-index cladding waveguides for both TE and TM polarizations," Opt. Express 25, 3722-3736 (2017)
Resumen
We report mid-infrared LiNbO3 depressed-index microstructured cladding waveguides fabricated by three-dimensional laser writing showing low propagation losses (~1.5 dB/cm) at 3.68 µm wavelength for both the transverse electric and magnetic polarized modes, a feature previously unachieved due to the strong anisotropic properties of this type of laser microstructured waveguides and which is of fundamental importance for many photonic applications. Using a heuristic modeling-testing iteration design approach which takes into account cladding induced stress-optic index changes, the fabricated cladding microstructure provides low-loss single mode operation for the mid-IR for both orthogonal polarizations. The dependence of the localized refractive index changes within the cladding microstructure with post-fabrication thermal annealing processes was also investigated, revealing its complex dependence of the laser induced refractive index changes on laser fabrication conditions and thermal post-processing steps. The waveguide modes properties and their dependence on thermal post-processing were numerically modeled and fitted to the experimental values by systematically varying three fundamental parameters of this type of waveguides: depressed refractive index values at sub-micron laser-written tracks, track size changes, and piezo-optic induced refractive index changes.
URI
DOI
10.1364/OE.25.003722
Colecciones
- ALF. Artículos [297]