Clinical Profile and Management of Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Hospital Setting.

Abstract

[EN]New-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common clinical scenario in the hospital settings. However, data on the baseline characteristics of these patients at diagnosis in Spain remain limited. This study aims to describe the characteristics of 165 patients admitted to a Spanish tertiary hospital with new-onset T2DM. We analysed the use of different treatment regimens at discharge and metabolic control during follow-up. A retrospective, single-centre cohort study was conducted at General University Gregorio Marañón Hospital, between January 2018 and April 2021. A total of 165 patients participated, with a mean age of 56.4 years, 62.4% of whom were men. Diabetes-related complications were observed in 24.8% of patients at diagnosis. Combined antidiabetic treatment was required in 87% of cases. The mean baseline HbA1c was 10.8%, which decreased by 4.9% after 8 months of follow-up. The clinical heterogeneity and severity of hyperglycaemia in this cohort presented management challenges, in contrast to outpatient settings. Monotherapy was rarely used, with higher adoption of SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists compared to other studies. Additional research is needed to refine treatment strategies and optimize care for patients with newly diagnosed T2DM.