Effects of a resistance training program on chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, cancer-related fatigue, muscle strength and physical activity in colorectal cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: a pilot randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Background/objectives Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a frequent toxicity of neurotoxic agents commonly used in colorectal cancer (CRC) and has limited evidence-based management options. Exercise may help, but the optimal prescription during chemotherapy remains uncertain. To evaluate the effects of an eight-week exercise program on CIPN (primary outcome), cancer-related fatigue (CRF), handgrip strength, and physical activity in CRC patients receiving chemotherapy. Methods This pilot parallel-group randomized controlled trial screened 44 CRC patients receiving chemotherapy; 40 were randomized (1:1) to an intervention group (supervised resistance training twice weekly plus home-based aerobic exercise) or a control group (home-based physical activity program only). Outcomes were assessed at baseline and after eight weeks. NCT06404359. Results Twenty-seven participants completed follow-up (intervention n = 15; control n = 12). Baseline characteristics were comparable. No statistically significant between-group differences were observed for CIPN, CRF, or handgrip strength. Physical activity increased significantly in the intervention group compared with controls (p < 0.001). Adherence exceeded 80%, and no exercise-related adverse events were reported. Conclusions In this pilot trial, an eight-week program combining supervised resistance training with home-based aerobic exercise was feasible and safe and increased self-reported physical activity, but did not demonstrate statistically significant improvements in CIPN, fatigue, or strength compared with home-based aerobic exercise alone. Larger adequately powered trials are warranted.