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Ruisoto Palomera, Pablo Juanes Méndez, Juan Antonio Contador Castillo, Israel Mayoral Babiano, Paula Prats Galino, Alberto 2024-05-28T16:00:51Z 2024-05-28T16:00:51Z 2012 1935-9772 http://hdl.handle.net/10366/158079 10.1002/ase.1275 1935-9780 [EN]Three-dimensional (3D) or volumetric visualization is a useful resource for learning about the anatomy of the human brain. However, the effectiveness of 3D spatial visual ization has not yet been assessed systematically. This report analyzes whether 3D volu metric visualization helps learners to identify and locate subcortical structures more precisely than classical cross-sectional images based on a two dimensional (2D) approach. Eighty participants were assigned to each experimental condition: 2D cross sectional visualization vs. 3D volumetric visualization. Both groups were matched for age, gender, visual-spatial ability, and previous knowledge of neuroanatomy. Accuracy in identifying brain structures, execution time, and level of confidence in the response were taken as outcome measures. Moreover, interactive effects between the experimen tal conditions (2D vs. 3D) and factors such as level of competence (novice vs. expert), image modality (morphological and functional), and difficulty of the structures were an alyzed. The percentage of correct answers (hit rate) and level of confidence in responses were significantly higher in the 3D visualization condition than in the 2D. In addition, the response time was significantly lower for the 3D visualization condition in compari son with the 2D. The interaction between the experimental condition (2D vs. 3D) and difficulty was significant, and the 3D condition facilitated the location of difficult images more than the 2D condition. 3D volumetric visualization helps to identify brain structures such as the hippocampus and amygdala, more accurately and rapidly than conventional 2D visualization. This paper discusses the implications of these results with regards to the learning process involved in neuroimaging interpretation. eng Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Neuroanatomy education Gross anatomy education Medical education Brain Neuroimaging Volumetric visualization Visual-spatial abilities 2D/3D testing Learning 2410.02 Anatomía Humana Experimental evidence for improved neuroimaging interpretation using three‐dimensional graphic models info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion https://anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ase.1275 Anatomical Sciences Education 5 3 132 137