Investigación científica producida o editada por los departamentos y centros de la Universidad de Salamanca http://hdl.handle.net/10366/3823 2026-06-04T10:17:01Z 2026-06-04T10:17:01Z Gutiérrez Hernández, Alexandra María http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171732 2026-06-04T09:09:11Z 2023-07-31T00:00:00Z

[ES] Las trazas de arquitectura, que hoy llamaríamos planos, ayudaban al maestro a reflejar todo su ingenio e inventiva para “vender” su proyecto al mecenas correspondiente, o para defender su posición en caso de pleito o conflicto por la obra en cuestión. Una planta de iglesia de tres naves con girola, en principio podría hacer referencia a cualquiera de las dos cuestiones arriba planteadas y no supondría mayor misterio. Sin embargo, si esta traza no se localiza en un pleito o contrato, sino que se encuentra incisa sobre los paramentos de una construcción a la que, inicialmente, no parece estar haciendo referencia, la trama se complica un poco más. En esta última línea se enmarca la traza de una iglesia de tres naves con girola localizada en la pared de la Torre del Ángel de la catedral de Cuenca (España), que ha ocasionado un gran interés, así como numerosas dudas acerca de su realización. Cuándo se hizo, quién la realizó y por qué, son las cuestiones que han suscitado mayor preocupación. Esta muchas veces ha derivado en la necesidad de buscar la autoría del diseño, o su relación con algún edificio concreto ya construido, dejando de lado, quizá la propia traza. En este trabajo, trataremos de poner en valor, precisamente, este dibujo, sin olvidarnos de aquellas teorías vertidas al respecto, pero focalizando el interés en el propio diseño. [EN] The architectural traces, which today we would call plans, helped the master mason to reflect all his ingenuity and inventiveness in order to “sell” his project to the corresponding sponsor, or to defend his position in the event of a lawsuit or conflict over the work in question. A church plan with three naves and an ambulatory could in principle refer to either of the two issues raised above and would not be a great mystery. However, if this layout is not located in a lawsuit or contract but is found incised on the walls of a construction to which, initially, it does not seem to be making reference, the plot becomes a little more complicated. In this last line is the outline of a church with three naves and ambulatory located on the wall of the Angel’s tower of the cathedral of Cuenca (Spain), which has caused great interest, as well as numerous doubts about its construction. When it was made, who made it and why, are the questions that have given rise to the greatest concern. This has often led to the need to seek the authorship of the design, or its relationship with a specific building already built, perhaps leaving aside the design itself. In this work, we will try to highlight precisely this drawing, without forgetting the theories that have been put forward in this respect but focusing our interest on the design itself.

2023-07-31T00:00:00Z Gutiérrez Hernández, Alexandra María http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171731 2026-06-04T09:08:27Z 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z

[ES] Los magister operis se servían de lo que tenían más a mano para proporcionar a sus canteros los datos necesarios para realizar correctamente el corte de la piedra. En el Claustro de la Catedral de Cuenca, ejecutado por Juan Andrea Rodi con trazas de Juan de Herrera, hemos localizado una serie de monteas que merecen ser dadas a conocer para poner en valor esta tradición y con ello proteger estas huellas en piedra. [ES] The magister operis used what they had around to provide their stonemasons with the data to correctly perform the cutting of the stone. In the cloister of the Cathedral of Cuenca, executed by Juan Andrea Rodi with traces of Juan de Herrera, we have located a series of traces that deserve to be published to value this tradition and thereby protect these footprints in stone.

2017-01-01T00:00:00Z Gutiérrez Hernández, Alexandra María http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171729 2026-06-04T07:19:10Z 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z

[ES] El uso de monteas se conoce desde época helenística. Sin embargo, con la llegada de los nuevos sistemas constructivos a la arquitectura moderna, su utilización cayó en desuso, reduciendo su importancia a meras huellas del pasado sin alma, sin nada que decir. Nosotros no pensamos eso, creemos que el hecho de que haya monteas escondidas entre los muros de muchas construcciones pétreas demuestra que su uso fue harto frecuente durante siglos. Además, de esta manera podemos acercarnos a los sistemas constructivos y a los encargados de la realización de la parte más práctica de la arquitectura. Entre los muros de la Catedral de Cuenca hemos podido localizar una importante serie de monteas, algunas de extrema belleza, que demuestran la cotidianeidad del uso de monteas en las construcciones en piedra en España. En este trabajo vamos a centramos en aquéllas localizadas en la llamada Casa del Sacristán; un total de diez monteas, de las cuales vamos a destacar siete. [EN] The use of traces is known since Ancient Greece. However, with the introduction of new construction systems in modern architecture, they foil into disuse reducing their importance to mere traces of thc past without a soul, without anything to say. Wc disagrec with this; we believe that the prcsence of traces hidden within thc walls of many stonc buildings shows that their use was very common for centuries. In addition, this idea allows us to get closer the buildnd systems and to those people responsable for carying out the practical part of the construction. Between the walls of the Cathedral of Cuenca we have been able to locate a number of important traces, sorne of extreme beauty, showing the everyday use of traces in stone buildings in Spain. In this paper we will focus on the ten traces located in the so-called Casa del Sacristán, of which we will highlight seven.

2016-01-01T00:00:00Z Gutiérrez Hernández, Alexandra María Azofra Agustín, Eduardo http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171728 2026-06-04T07:17:31Z 2024-09-01T00:00:00Z

[ES] El término montea −así como sus sinónimos− tiene cierta controversia por varios motivos: es prácticamente exclusivo del ambiente artístico hispano, dejó de utilizarse de manera habitual al mismo tiempo que la cantería iniciaba su declive en pro de los nuevos materiales constructivos −como el hormigón−, su significado sigue generando confusión y son varios los sinónimos que se le adjudican −no siempre de manera correcta−. Este estudio propone una revisión de esta palabra, así como de sus distintos sinónimos en base a la experiencia adquirida con los numerosos casos prácticos localizados en algunos monumentos pétreos de gran interés. [EN] The word montea −as well as its synonyms− is somewhat controversial for several reasons: it is practically exclusive to the Hispanic artistic environment, it ceased to be commonly used at the same time that stonework began its decline in favour of new construction materials −such as concrete−, its meaning continues to generate confusion and there are several synonyms that are attributed to it −not always correctly−. This study proposes a revision of this word, as well as its different synonyms, based on the experience acquired with the numerous practical cases found in some stone monuments of great interest.

2024-09-01T00:00:00Z Gutiérrez Hernández, Alexandra María http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171727 2026-06-04T07:16:05Z 2025-08-01T00:00:00Z

[ES] En 1993, Fernando Marías dio a conocer un cuaderno de cantería firmado por un tal “Alonso de Guardia”. A partir de entonces, varios investigadores se han interesado en el estudio de sus contenidos. Todos ellos coincidían en que no se sabía nada acerca de este maestro cantero. Por ello, muchos han considerado que la presencia de la firma en el manuscrito era una cuestión de propiedad –no tanto de autoría– y que, el supuesto apellido “de Guardia”, estaría, sobre todo, haciendo alusión a una posible procedencia geográfica. Sin embargo, una investigación reciente del cuaderno nos ha llevado a localizar a este maestro trabajando en Cuenca a finales del siglo xvi y, gracias a la documentación conservada, poder realizar una comparativa entre las firmas incluidas en el manuscrito y en la tasación de una obra, así como a establecer su procedencia navarra. [EN] In 1993, Fernando Marías revealed a notebook of stonework signed by a “Alonso de Guardia”. Since then, several researchers have been interested in studying its contents. All of them agreed that nothing was known about this master stonemason. For this reason, many considered that the presence of the signature on the manuscript was a question of ownership – not so much of authorship –and that the supposed surname “de Guardia” was, above all, alluding to a possible geographical origin. However, recent research intothe notebook has led us to locate this master working in Cuenca at the end of the 16th century and, thanks to the surviving documentation, to be able to compare the signatures included in the manuscript and in the appraisal of a work, as well as to establish its Navarrese origin.

2025-08-01T00:00:00Z Palma-Barqueros, Verónica Bastida Bermejo, José María López Andreo, María José Zámora-Cánovas, Ana Zaninetti, Carlo Ruiz-Pividal, Juan Francisco Bohdan, Natalia Padilla, José Teruel-Montoya, Raúl Marín-Quilez, Ana Revilla, Nuria Sánchez-Fuentes, Ana Rodriguez-Alen, Agustín Benito Sánchez, Rocío Vicente, Vicente Iturbe, Teodoro Greinacher, Andreas Lozano, María Luisa Rivera, José http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171725 2026-06-04T00:02:22Z 2023-05-01T00:00:00Z

[EN]Germline mutations in RUNX1 can cause a familial platelet disorder that may lead to acute myeloid leukemia, an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by moderate thrombocytopenia, platelet dysfunction, and a high risk of developing acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome. Discerning the pathogenicity of novel RUNX1 variants is critical for patient management. To extend the characterization of RUNX1 variants and evaluate their effects by transcriptome analysis. Three unrelated patients with long-standing thrombocytopenia carrying heterozygous RUNX1 variants were included: P1, who is a subject with recent development of myelodysplastic syndrome, with c.802 C>T[p.Gln268∗] de novo; P2 with c.586A>G[p.Thr196Ala], a variant that segregates with thrombocytopenia and myeloid neoplasia in the family; and P3 with c.476A>G[p.Asn159Ser], which did not segregate with thrombocytopenia or neoplasia. Baseline platelet evaluations were performed. Ultrapure platelets were prepared for platelet transcriptome analysis. In P1 and P2, but not in P3, transcriptome analysis confirmed aberrant expression of genes recognized as RUNX1 targets. Data allowed grouping patients by distinct gene expression profiles, which were partitioned with clinical parameters. Functional studies and platelet mRNA expression identified alterations in the actin cytoskeleton, downregulation of GFI1B, defective GPVI downstream signaling, and reduction of alpha granule proteins, such as thrombospondin-1, as features likely implicated in thrombocytopenia and platelet dysfunction. Platelet phenotype, familial segregation, and platelet transcriptomics support the pathogenicity of RUNX1 variants p.Gln268∗ and p.Thr196Ala, but not p.Asn159Ser. This study is an additional proof of concept that platelet RNA analysis could be a tool to help classify pathogenic RUNX1 variants and identify novel RUNX1 targets.

2023-05-01T00:00:00Z Marín Quílez, Ana Díaz-Ajenjo, Lorena Di Buduo, Christian A Zamora-Cánovas, Ana Lozano, María Luisa Benito Sánchez, Rocío González Porras, José Ramón Balduini, Alessandra Rivera, José Bastida Bermejo, José María http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171723 2026-06-04T00:02:33Z 2023-03-07T00:00:00Z

[EN]Protein glycosylation, including sialylation, involves complex and frequent post-translational modifications, which play a critical role in different biological processes. The conjugation of carbohydrate residues to specific molecules and receptors is critical for normal hematopoiesis, as it favors the proliferation and clearance of hematopoietic precursors. Through this mechanism, the circulating platelet count is controlled by the appropriate platelet production by megakaryocytes, and the kinetics of platelet clearance. Platelets have a half-life in blood ranging from 8 to 11 days, after which they lose the final sialic acid and are recognized by receptors in the liver and eliminated from the bloodstream. This favors the transduction of thrombopoietin, which induces megakaryopoiesis to produce new platelets. More than two hundred enzymes are responsible for proper glycosylation and sialylation. In recent years, novel disorders of glycosylation caused by molecular variants in multiple genes have been described. The phenotype of the patients with genetic alterations in GNE, SLC35A1, GALE and B4GALT is consistent with syndromic manifestations, severe inherited thrombocytopenia, and hemorrhagic complications.

2023-03-07T00:00:00Z Sánchez Hernández, Fernando Marín, Silvia Merchán, Elisabeth Sánchez, Ignacio http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171722 2026-06-04T00:02:36Z 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z

[ES]Se describe el caso de una mujer de 82 años, en tratamiento con sertralina y que, debido a un proceso catarral con tos, ingiere conjuntamente un jarabe de dextrometorfano. Tras la ingesta de ambos fármacos, presenta un cuadro de agitación, mioclonías, temblores y fiebre. Dados los antecedentes farmacológicos y la clínica, se diagnostica como síndrome serotoninérgico, iniciando tratamiento domiciliario y posterior traslado al hospital de referencia.

2010-01-01T00:00:00Z Palma-Barqueros, Verónica Loredana, Bury Kunishima, Shinji Lozano, María Luisa Rodríguez-Alen, Augustín Revilla, Nuria Bohdan, Natalia Padilla, José Fernández-Pérez, María P de la Morena-Barrio, María Eugenia Marín-Quilez, Ana Benito Sánchez, Rocío López-Fernández, María F Marcellini, Shally Zamora-Cánovas, Ana Vicente, Vicente Martínez, Constantino Gresele, Paolo Bastida Bermejo, José María Rivera, José http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171718 2026-06-04T00:02:06Z 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z

[EN]β1-Tubulin plays a major role in proplatelet formation and platelet shape maintenance, and pathogenic variants in TUBB1 lead to thrombocytopenia and platelet anisocytosis (TUBB1-RT). To date, the reported number of pedigrees with TUBB1-RT and of rare TUBB1 variants with experimental demonstration of pathogenicity is limited. Here, we report 9 unrelated families presenting with thrombocytopenia carrying 6 β1-tubulin variants, p.Cys12LeufsTer12, p.Thr107Pro, p.Gln423*, p.Arg359Trp, p.Gly109Glu, and p.Gly269Asp, the last of which novel. Segregation studies showed incomplete penetrance of these variants for platelet traits. Indeed, most carriers showed macrothrombocytopenia, some only increased platelet size, and a minority had no abnormalities. Moreover, only homozygous carriers of the p.Gly109Glu variant displayed macrothrombocytopenia, highlighting the importance of allele burden in the phenotypic expression of TUBB1-RT. The p.Arg359Trp, p.Gly269Asp, and p.Gly109Glu variants deranged β1-tubulin incorporation into the microtubular marginal ring in platelets but had a negligible effect on platelet activation, secretion, or spreading, suggesting that β1-tubulin is dispensable for these processes. Transfection of TUBB1 missense variants in CHO cells altered β1-tubulin incorporation into the microtubular network. In addition, TUBB1 variants markedly impaired proplatelet formation from peripheral blood CD34+ cell-derived megakaryocytes. Our study, using in vitro modeling, molecular characterization, and clinical investigations provides a deeper insight into the pathogenicity of rare TUBB1 variants. These novel data expand the genetic spectrum of TUBB1-RT and highlight a remarkable heterogeneity in its clinical presentation, indicating that allelic burden or combination with other genetic or environmental factors modulate the phenotypic impact of rare TUBB1 variants.

2021-01-01T00:00:00Z Velasco Morgado, Raúl http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171715 2026-06-04T00:02:27Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

[ES]Este capítulo analiza la evolución del lenguaje embriológico en español entre los siglos XV y XVIII y destaca cómo los cambios terminológicos reflejaron y, al mismo tiempo, contribuyeron a transformar las teorías científicas sobre la generación humana. Se estudian tres aspectos principales: la «segmentación léxica» del nasciturus mediante términos como embrión, feto, criatura o infante; el proceso de vernacularización de los saberes embriológicos; y los mecanismos lingüísticos empleados para adaptar el vocabulario a los cambios de paradigma científico. Se muestra cómo la terminología utilizada para designar las distintas fases del desarrollo prenatal no fue estable, sino que dependió de concepciones médicas, filosóficas y morales cambiantes. Asimismo, se analiza la tensión entre préstamos cultos y voces patrimoniales en la construcción del léxico especializado, así como el esfuerzo humanista por recuperar y reinterpretar términos procedentes de la Antigüedad clásica. Especial atención recibe la transformación del vocabulario durante el siglo XVIII, cuando la difusión del preformacionismo y de la teoría ovista impulsó la introducción de términos como ovario y huevo, mientras otros vocablos tradicionales entraban en obsolescencia. El estudio concluye que el lenguaje embriológico no actuó únicamente como vehículo de transmisión del conocimiento científico, sino también como un agente activo en la construcción, legitimación y difusión de nuevos modelos explicativos sobre el desarrollo humano.

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z Bastida Bermejo, José María Malvestiti, Stefano Boeckelmann, Doris Palma-Barqueros, Verónica Wolter, Mira Lozano, María L. Glonnegger, Hannah Benito Sánchez, Rocío Zaninetti, Carlo Sobbotta, Félix Schilling, Freimut H. Morgan, Neil V. Freson, Kathleen Rivera, José Zieger, Bárbara http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171711 2026-06-04T00:02:20Z 2022-10-14T00:00:00Z

[EN]The GATA1 transcription factor is essential for normal erythropoiesis and megakaryocytic differentiation. Germline GATA1 pathogenic variants in the N-terminal zinc finger (N-ZF) are typically associated with X-linked thrombocytopenia, platelet dysfunction, and dyserythropoietic anemia. A few variants in the C-terminal ZF (C-ZF) domain are described with normal platelet count but altered platelet function as the main characteristic. Independently performed molecular genetic analysis identified a novel hemizygous variant (c.865C>T, p.H289Y) in the C-ZF region of GATA1 in a German patient and in a Spanish patient. We characterized the bleeding and platelet phenotype of these patients and compared these findings with the parameters of two German siblings carrying the likely pathogenic variant p.D218N in the GATA1 N-ZF domain. The main difference was profound thrombocytopenia in the brothers carrying the p.D218N variant compared to a normal platelet count in patients carrying the p.H289Y variant; only the Spanish patient occasionally developed mild thrombocytopenia. A functional platelet defect affecting αIIbβ3 integrin activation and α-granule secretion was present in all patients. Additionally, mild anemia, anisocytosis, and poikilocytosis were observed in the patients with the C-ZF variant. Our data support the concept that GATA1 variants located in the different ZF regions can lead to clinically diverse manifestations.

2022-10-14T00:00:00Z Torres González, Víctor A. Ortiz Córdoba, José http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171710 2026-06-04T00:02:03Z 2026-06-02T00:00:00Z

[ES] En este trabajo se presenta la edición de una nueva inscripción funeraria hallada recientemente en el término municipal de Lucena (Córdoba). Se trata de una estela de piedra caliza blanca que conserva el epitafio de una mujer llamada Deutera, datable en época julio-claudia. El hallazgo destaca por su interés onomástico, ya que la estructura uninominal del nombre sugiere una condición servil, reforzada por el origen griego del antropónimo, que se encuentra además poco documentado en la epigrafía hispana. Por consiguiente, su aparición en un contexto histórico tan temprano, en una zona de incipiente romanización, permite plantear su vinculación con una familia de ciudadanos romanos o profundamente romanizada. En este caso, se propone una posible relación con los Fuficii, una gens de probable origen itálico asentada posiblemente en Augusta Firma (Astigi), que habría poseído propiedades rústicas en el territorio actual de la Campiña Sur y Subbética cordobesas.

2026-06-02T00:00:00Z Martín Viso, Iñaki http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171709 2026-06-04T00:02:17Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

[ES] Este artículo analiza el papel de las donaciones relacionadas con comunales realizadas por reyes y condes, en el caso de la Castilla Condal, a favor de ciertos monasterios. Se estudia la zona de la antigua Castilla condal y la Rioja Alta entre los siglos X al XII. Se observa cómo las donaciones no conllevaron la privatización de los comunales, a pesar de que determinadas zonas, las vacarizas, quedaron integradas dentro de los comunales, pero con usos privados. Los monasterios que recibieron esas donaciones se convirtieron en vecinos exigentes o en señores protectores, sin destruir los comunales. Sin embargo, se transformaron las prácticas sociales y políticas, dando lugar a la construcción de nuevas formas de dominio social que tomaban como punto de partida las micropolíticas en torno a los comunales. La ganadería actuó como un agente que favoreció el desarrollo del señorío local.

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z Marín Quílez, Ana Di Budio, Christian A. Benito Sánchez, Rocío Balduini, Alessandra Rivera, José Bastida Bermejo, José María http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171708 2026-06-04T00:02:16Z 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z

[EN]GALE gene encodes the uridine diphosphate [UDP]-galactose-4-epimerase, which catalyzes the bidirectional interconversion of UDP-glucose to UDP-galactose, and UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine to UDP-N-acetyl-galactosamine. In that way, GALE balances, through reversible epimerization, the pool of four sugars that are essential during the biosynthesis of glycoproteins and glycolipids. GALE-related disorder presents an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern, and it is commonly associated with galactosemia. Peripheral galactosemia generally associates with non-generalized forms or even asymptomatic presentations, while classical galactosemia may be related to complications such as learning difficulties, developmental delay, cardiac failure, or dysmorphic features. Recently, GALE variants have been related to severe thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia, and in one patient, to myelodysplastic syndrome.

2023-12-01T00:00:00Z Dolcet-Negre, Marta M. http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171704 2026-06-04T08:43:07Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

[EN]A self-contained R Markdown document that reproduces the quantitative synthesis of a systematic review of quantitative anthrax (Bacillus anthracis) research in Africa. It performs random-effects (DerSimonian-Laird) meta-analyses of ecological niche / species distribution model discrimination (AUC, pooled on the logit scale and back-transformed) and of adjusted odds ratios for human behavioural risk factors (pooled on the log scale), with heterogeneity (Cochran's Q, I^2, tau^2, prediction intervals), pre-specified subgroup analyses, meta-regression, sensitivity analyses and publication-bias assessment (funnel plots, Egger's test, trim-and-fill), and generates all associated figures and tables. The 33 study-level records and the behavioural odds ratios are embedded in the document, so the analysis runs from the deposited files alone. Developed for, and illustrated with, a systematic review and meta-analysis of quantitative anthrax research in Africa, and reusable as a template for other meta-analyses of model performance and observational effect sizes.

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z Dolcet-Negre, Marta M. http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171703 2026-06-04T08:48:29Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

[EN]A set of self-contained, offline web applications supporting the core steps of a systematic review and meta-analysis: title/abstract screening, risk-of-bias assessment with a custom seven-domain instrument, inter-rater agreement (Cohen's kappa, including a quadratic-weighted kappa for ordinal ratings) and the PRISMA 2020 checklist. Each form runs entirely in the browser, requires no installation or internet connection, and keeps all data local; reviewers export JSON files that a consolidator merges to compute agreement and consensus tables (exportable to CSV and Word). Developed for, and illustrated with, a systematic review and meta-analysis of quantitative anthrax (Bacillus anthracis) research in Africa, and reusable for other reviews.

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z