http://hdl.handle.net/10366/4331 2026-09-16T13:38:29Z 2026-09-16T13:38:29Z González-Esteban, Alba Teresa Crespo-Rodríguez, Ana Patricia Gallego-Morón, Nazareth Montes-López, Estrella Baranda Ortiz, Aidée http://hdl.handle.net/10366/172716 2026-09-12T00:02:29Z 2026-07-13T00:00:00Z

Objective To explore women’s experiences with health and social care during voluntary termination of pregnancy (i.e., abortion) in Spain and to identify areas for improvement in the quality of care provided throughout the process. Methods A qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with 30 adult women who underwent a voluntary termination of pregnancy in Spain between 2013 and 2023. Participants were selected to ensure diversity in age, educational level, and geographical region. Interviews were analysed in Atlas.ti using a two-phase deductive-inductive approach, whereby an initial coding framework informed by the literature was refined through the inductive identification of emergent codes and themes from the data. Results Women’s experiences were strongly influenced by the quality of care received throughout the abortion process. During the pre-abortion stage, participants reported inadequate information and guidance, insufficient sensitivity and empathy from professionals, non-consensual practices, stigmatizing attitudes, attempts to dissuade them from abortion, and barriers to access from conscientious objection and uneven service provision. During the abortion procedure, women described insufficient information about the intervention, inadequate pain management, denial or improper administration of anaesthesia, and impersonal or unsympathetic treatment during recovery. In the post-abortion stage, deficiencies included inadequate medical follow-up, pressure to adopt contraceptive methods, and limited access to psychological support. Overall, participants’ accounts revealed a pattern of shortcomings that negatively affected their emotional well-being and experiences across all stages of the process. Conclusion The findings highlight systemic deficiencies in health and social care during voluntary termination of pregnancy. Improving abortion care requires person-centred, non-judgemental, and evidence-based services that guarantee adequate information, respectful treatment, timely access, informed decision-making, effective follow-up, and psychological support. Strengthening professional training and implementing mechanisms to monitor and improve quality of care are essential to safeguarding women’s sexual and reproductive rights and enhancing their experiences throughout the abortion process.

2026-07-13T00:00:00Z Möller Recondo, Claudia García Alonso, Elena María Nuñez González, Susana Espina Frechilla, Rut Galindo Melero, Jesús http://hdl.handle.net/10366/172689 2026-09-12T00:03:06Z 2026-08-01T00:00:00Z

[EN] This study evaluates escape room gamification as a participatory methodology for validating assistive technologies with older adults in cross‑border rural areas through the VIVEMAIS INTERREG project. Deployed via the “Diversiverso” mobile living lab across eight Spain‑Portugal municipalities (April–July 2025), the intervention engaged 331 participants (mean age 78.4 years) testing 18 assistive devices through challenge‑based interactions. A mixed‑methods approach combined quantitative surveys (n = 331; TAM attitudes, technology recall) with care‑giver interviews (n = 11). Complementary triangulation identified three dimensions: technological appropriation, pedagogical function, and validation potential. Escape rooms fostered initial engagement but modest adoption in tent (34% willing to take devices home), moderated by cognitive impairment and rural connectivity barriers. The study introduces “pedagogical realism”, a dual effect where gamified interaction simultaneously generates enthusiasm and critical awareness of practical limitations. This distinguishes escape rooms from purely motivational approaches, positioning them as diagnostic tools bridging design, evaluation, and implementation phases. Discussion demonstrates that Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) limitations are addressed by Senior TAM (STAM), while supervised exergame meta‑analyses confirm mediation effects in cognitive impairment. Caregivers emerge as essential intermediaries, particularly in rural contexts. Conclusions recommend integrating escape rooms within comprehensive strategies incorporating sustained mediation and transfer activities. The approach reveals a critical gap between experiential engagement and sustained adoption, informing user‑centred innovation ecosystems for aging‑in‑place technologies

2026-08-01T00:00:00Z Möller Recondo, Claudia García Alonso, Elena María Rolando, Claudia García Bueno, Claudia Lobato Herrero, Miriam García Vergara, Álvaro Martín Guerra, Elena http://hdl.handle.net/10366/172688 2026-09-12T00:03:00Z 2026-03-01T00:00:00Z

[EN] This study presents the results of a Proof of Concept developed within the framework of the Amygdala Project, aimed at exploring the relationship between electronic music and emotional well-being among young people with and without a diagnosis of adjustment disorders (anxiety, depression, and distress). The fieldwork was conducted during the live concert of DJ Steve Aoki (Cosquín Rock 2024, Valladolid), combining psychophysiological measurements using Sociograph technology, self-reported questionnaires, and performative and contextual analyses. The results reveal significant differences between the two groups: participants with a diagnosis exhibited a more constant and profound emotional connection, interpreting the experience as a form of “emotional escape” and an opportunity for affective regulation; whereas those without a diagnosis experienced more fluctuating levels of attention and perceived the event primarily as entertainment. The triangulation of biometric, observational, and narrative data suggests that electronic music in collective contexts may operate as a tool for emotional containment and transformation, fostering group cohesion and reducing psychological distress. These findings open new avenues for interdisciplinary research into the biosocial effects of contemporary music and its potential in the design of cultural and educational strategies to promote psychological well-being among young people.

2026-03-01T00:00:00Z Minxing, You Doncel Abad, David http://hdl.handle.net/10366/172629 2026-09-02T00:01:29Z 2026-06-12T00:00:00Z

[ES] En un ecosistema digital cada vez más marcado por los datos y las plataformas digitales, la comunicación internacional sobre China ha experimentado transformaciones que están reconfigurando la imagen del país entre la Generación Z en España. Este estudio realiza una revisión bibliográfica integradora desde una perspectiva interdisciplinar, basada en la Comunicación, la Sociología y las Relaciones Internacionales, para analizar el estado de la cuestión de los mecanismos de recepción y resignificación de las representaciones de China entre jóvenes españoles. Los resultados revelan una tensión crítica. En tanto en cuanto las plataformas de vídeo corto, como TikTok, se consolidan como canales hegemónicos de interacción intercultural, las representaciones de símbolos chinos tienden a ser fragmentarias y descontextualizadas, y con frecuencia quedan sujetas a estereotipos amplificados por algoritmos. Asimismo, se constata que el bagaje cultural local y el escepticismo estructural de los nativos digitales españoles actúan como filtros cognitivos que intensifican fenómenos como el denominado “descuento cultural”. La revisión concluye subrayando la necesidad de incorporar una perspectiva centrada en la audiencia, desarrollada en los estudios de recepción, para recalibrar las estrategias de diplomacia digital hacia una mayor precisión, sensibilidad contextual y autenticidad en el ámbito europeo [EN] In a digital ecosystem increasingly driven by data and digital platforms, international communication about China is being reshaped in ways that influence how China's national image is formed among Generation Z in Spain. This study conducts an integrative literature review from interdisciplinary perspective, integrating Communication Studies, Sociology, and International Relations, to examine how Spanish youth interpret and reinterpret mediated representations of China. The review identifies a clear tension: while short-video platforms such as TikTok have become key venues for intercultural encounters, portrayals of Chinese cultural symbols are often fragmented, decontextualized, and prone to algorithmically amplified stereotyping. In addition, local cultural backgrounds and a form of structural skepticism among Spanish digital natives act as cognitive filters that intensify processes such as cultural discount, thereby constraining the effectiveness of institutionled soft power. The review concludes by underscoring the value of an audience-centered perspective informed by reception studies and calls for digital diplomacy strategies in Europe that are more targeted, context-sensitive, and authenticity-oriented. [CH] 在数字生态系统加速数据化与平台化的背景下,围绕中国的国际传播正在发生转 型,并影响中国形象在西班牙 Z 世代中的建构。本研究采用跨学科视角,融合传播学、社会 学与国际关系,开展整合性文献综述,以分析西班牙青年对中国相关表征的接收与再意义化 机制。研究结果揭示出一种关键张力:一方面,以TikTok 为代表的短视频平台已成为跨文 化互动的重要渠道;另一方面,中国文化符号的呈现却趋于碎片化与去语境化,并伴随算法 驱动的刻板化过程。此外,研究还发现,地方文化背景以及西班牙数字原住民的结构性怀疑 作为认知过滤器,会强化“文化折扣”等现象,从而限制制度性软实力的效能。综述最后强 调,有必要纳入受众视角,以重新校准数字外交策略,使其在欧洲语境下更具精准性、情境 敏感性与真实性。

2026-06-12T00:00:00Z Martín García, Teresa Corchado Rodríguez, Juan Manuel Ortega Mohedano, Félix http://hdl.handle.net/10366/172436 2026-08-25T11:16:07Z 2026-07-01T00:00:00Z

Analizar el papel de la universidad en la expansión de la Alfabetización Mediática e Informacional (AMI) más allá del currículo formal, proponiendo la ciudad universitaria como un currículum extendido en el entorno urbano.

2026-07-01T00:00:00Z Sajir, Zakaria http://hdl.handle.net/10366/172027 2026-07-02T00:01:48Z 2026-06-29T00:00:00Z

[EN]This article offers a case-illustrative socio-legal analysis of five decisions of German ordinary courts concerning Muslim prayer and halal food in prison, Islam-coded public performance in urban space, minority community mediation in criminal justice and male circumcision as a ritual controversy involving Muslim and Jewish communities. Building on comparative work on “moderate secularism” and using cases identified through the CUREDI database, it develops a focused account of selective secularism by examining how courts translate minority claims into legal categories within Germany’s formally cooperative framework for governing religion. The analysis distinguishes this wider Christian-centred recognition architecture from the more specific legal and institutional baselines operative in the selected disputes. Within this framework, the argument examines how, in the selected decisions, minority practices are assessed through arena-specific legal standards and institutional routines presented within legal reasoning as neutral, administrative or secular, including security, public order, ordinary institutional diet, restorative justice, bodily integrity and child welfare. Non-religion is approached as an implicit baseline within disputes legally framed as religious. The article contributes to debates on Islam and religious diversity in Germany by analysing prison accommodation, urban public order, criminal mediation and bodily-integrity controversies together. It shows how each legal arena defines what counts as ordinary, which minority claims require justification, and which forms of accommodation or restriction become possible. It argues that, across these decisions, minority claims receive less restrictive legal treatment when they can be translated into goals legible to state institutions, such as order, repair, child welfare or regulated inclusion.

2026-06-29T00:00:00Z Sajir, Zakaria http://hdl.handle.net/10366/172025 2026-07-02T00:01:01Z 2026-06-26T00:00:00Z

[EN]Spain’s regime of religious diversity is marked by a gap between formal commitments to pluralism and systemic exclusions produced through legal, normative, and spatial asymmetries. This article argues that technocratic “diversity management” depoliticizes diversity, marginalizes minority agency, and sustains “selective secularism”, whereby majority Catholicism is culturalized while minority expressions, especially those read as Muslim or associated with Muslim communities, are religionized. Linking paradigm conflict, normative hierarchies, and territorial fragmentation, the article conceptualizes this configuration as stratified inclusion: minorities are symbolically recognized yet largely excluded from shaping the norms that govern them. Drawing on case law, Spain’s legal architecture, and local governance practices, it identifies administrative discretion, culturalization, religionization, and spatial inequality as governance pathologies that undermine freedom of religion or belief, equality before the law, and related human rights. It advances “networked governance” as a multiscalar, co-productive corrective capable of embedding minority agency in institutional design and democratic pluralism.[ES]El régimen español de diversidad religiosa presenta una brecha entre los compromisos formales con el pluralismo y exclusiones sistémicas producidas por asimetrías jurídicas, normativas y espaciales. Este artículo sostiene que la “gestión de la diversidad” de corte tecnocrático despolitiza la diversidad, margina la agencia de las minorías y sostiene un “secularismo selectivo”, mediante el cual el catolicismo mayoritario se culturaliza mientras que expresiones minoritarias, especialmente aquellas leídas como musulmanas o asociadas con comunidades musulmanas, se religionizan. Al articular conflicto de paradigmas, jerarquías normativas y fragmentación territorial, conceptualiza esta configuración como inclusión estratificada. A partir del análisis de jurisprudencia, arquitectura jurídica española y prácticas de gobernanza local, identifica la discrecionalidad administrativa, la culturalización, la religionización y la desigualdad espacial como patologías que socavan la libertad de religión o de creencias, la igualdad ante la ley y los derechos humanos conexos. Propone la “gobernanza en red” como correctivo multiescalar y coproducido.

2026-06-26T00:00:00Z Ribeiro Barão, Giulia http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171887 2026-06-21T03:10:30Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

[ES] Esta tesis se dedica al estudio comparado de la Comunidad de Países de Lengua Portuguesa (CPLP) y la Secretaría General Iberoamericana (SEGIB), dos organizaciones regionales surgidas en el marco de los nuevos regionalismos, pero aún escasamente analizadas desde una perspectiva que incorpore de manera sistemática su dimensión cultural, predominando en la literatura los enfoques centrados en la política exterior y la cooperación intergubernamental. El objetivo general de la tesis es comparar las similitudes y diferencias en la acción cultural de la Comunidad de Países de Lengua Portuguesa (CPLP) y de la Secretaría General Iberoamericana (SEGIB), con el fin de caracterizar sus respectivos proyectos regionales y sus estrategias de construcción de región, considerando su carácter singular como organizaciones regionales postimperiales de ámbito ibérico. Para ello, la investigación adopta un enfoque cualitativo estructurado en dos dimensiones analíticas: una dimensión ontológica, orientada a examinar las narrativas de comunidad, identidad y pertenencia regional promovidas por cada organización, y una dimensión político-cultural, centrada en el análisis de la acción cultural efectivamente desarrollada, su impacto, continuidad institucional y los tipos de intervención cultural privilegiados. El estudio combina la reconstrucción histórico-institucional de la CPLP y la SEGIB con un análisis de contenido de documentos fundacionales, normativos y programáticos, así como entrevistas semiestructuradas a actores institucionales, apoyándose en la sistematización y codificación de datos mediante Atlas.ti sin renunciar a una lectura interpretativa de carácter hermenéutico, para finalmente integrar los hallazgos en un análisis comparativo.; [PT] Esta tese dedica-se ao estudo comparado da Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa (CPLP) e da Secretaria Geral Ibero-Americana (SEGIB), duas organizações regionais surgidas no contexto dos novos regionalismos, mas ainda pouco analisadas a partir de uma perspectiva que incorpore de forma sistemática a sua dimensão cultural, predominando na literatura abordagens centradas na política externa e na cooperação intergovernamental. O objetivo geral da tese é comparar as similaridades e diferenças na ação cultural da Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa (CPLP) e da Secretaria Geral Ibero-Americana (SEGIB), com o propósito de caracterizar os seus respectivos projetos regionais e as suas estratégias de construção de região, considerando o seu caráter singular como organizações regionais pós-imperiais de âmbito ibérico. Para tal, a pesquisa adota uma abordagem qualitativa estruturada em duas dimensões analíticas: uma dimensão ontológica, orientada a examinar as narrativas de comunidade, identidade e pertencimento regional promovidas por cada organização, e uma dimensão político-cultural, centrada na análise da ação cultural efetivamente desenvolvida, do seu impacto, da continuidade institucional e dos tipos de intervenção cultural privilegiados. O estudo combina a reconstrução histórico-institucional da CPLP e da SEGIB com uma análise de conteúdo de documentos fundacionais, normativos e programáticos, bem como entrevistas semiestruturadas com atores institucionais, apoiando-se na sistematização e codificação de dados por meio do Atlas.ti, sem renunciar a uma leitura interpretativa de caráter hermenêutico, para, por fim, integrar os achados em uma análise comparativa.

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z Budabin, Alexandra Cosima Sajir, Zakaria http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171797 2026-06-12T00:00:37Z 2026-06-10T00:00:00Z

[EN] This article examines how religious actors representing new religious minorities navigate workplace negotiations over reasonable accommodation. Drawing on literature on diversity governance, we investigate the behavior of religious actors by separating entry from participation and by tracing how epistemic authority conditions participation and influence across venues. The analysis shows how selective secularism structures these negotiations, placing higher translation burdens and evidentiary demands on migrant coded minorities. Although religious actors may secure recognition, their authority remains vulnerable to public contestation and institutional veto points. The article concludes with recommendations to reduce gaps between law and practice and to improve equitable accommodation procedures. [ES] Este artículo examina cómo los actores religiosos que representan a nuevas minorías religiosas intervienen en las negociaciones laborales sobre ajustes razonables. A partir de la literatura sobre gobernanza de la diversidad, analizamos el comportamiento de estos actores distinguiendo entre acceso y participación, y examinando cómo la autoridad epistémica condiciona su participación e influencia en distintos ámbitos. El análisis muestra cómo el secularismo selectivo estructura estas negociaciones, imponiendo mayores cargas de traducción y exigencias probatorias a las minorías codificadas como migrantes. Aunque los actores religiosos pueden obtener reconocimiento, su autoridad sigue siendo vulnerable a la contestación pública y a puntos de veto institucionales. El artículo concluye con recomendaciones orientadas a reducir la distancia entre el marco jurídico y la práctica institucional, y a mejorar la equidad de los procedimientos de ajuste razonable.

2026-06-10T00:00:00Z Herrero Gutiérrez, Francisco Javier Martínez Arcos, Cruz Alberto García Sánchez, Isabel http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171750 2026-06-09T00:00:36Z 2026-06-06T00:00:00Z

[EN]This exploratory study examines a curated set of influential con-temporary educational podcasts in Spain to identify emerging patterns in pro-duction structures, hosting models, and discursive strategies. Drawing on genre theory, audience studies, and platform analysis, the article conceptualizes edu-cational podcasting as a hybrid communicative ecosystem shaped by narrative experimentation, pedagogical intent, and algorithmic circulation. Data from major audio platforms were analyzed using a mixed-method coding protocol integrating formal, discursive, and platform variables. Findings reveal uneven professionalization, diverse pedagogical voices, and adaptive strategies for visi-bility in platform-mediated environments. The study contributes a theoretically grounded overview of Spain’s evolving educational podcast landscape.[PO]Este estudo exploratório analisa um conjunto selecionado de podcasts educacionais contemporâneos influentes na Espanha com o objetivo de identificar padrões emergentes nas estruturas de produção, nos modelos de apresentação e nas estratégias discursivas. Com base na teoria dos gêneros, nos estudos de audiência e na análise de plataformas, o artigo conceitua o podcast educacional como um ecossistema comunicacional híbrido, moldado pela experimentação narrativa, pela intencionalidade pedagógica e pela circulação algorítmica. Dados provenientes das principais plataformas de áudio foram examinados por meio de um protocolo de codificação de métodos mistos que integra variáveis formais, discursivas e de circulação em plataformas. Os resultados revelam profissionalização desigual, diversidade de vozes pedagógicas e estratégias adaptativas de visibilidade em ambientes mediados por plataformas. O estudo oferece uma visão geral teoricamente fundamentada do panorama em transformação dos podcasts educacionais na Espanha.

2026-06-06T00:00:00Z Sajir, Zakaria http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171307 2026-05-08T11:58:04Z 2026-05-06T00:00:00Z

[EN]This article interrogates the governance of religious and ethnic diversity in contemporary Spain, advancing a critical analysis of selective secularism as a meta-governance logic that structures symbolic hierarchies and practical exclusions. Selective secularism operates through the culturalisation of Catholicism as “neutral” national heritage and the religionisation of minority, especially Muslim, cultural expressions, reinforcing asymmetrical regimes of recognition beneath a veneer of formal pluralism. Through analysis of legal cases, judicial reasoning and the mobilisation of lay Catholic neoconservative networks, the article shows how intersecting top-down and bottom-up mechanisms entrench Catholic dominance while problematising racialised Muslim-coded presence. Building on the Bristol School of Multiculturalism and Sealy’s model of post-multicultural multilogue, Spain is situated as a paradigmatic “post-secular laboratory” in which rapid social transformation exposes both the limits and the inertia of liberal–secular governance. While dialogical engagement and “levelling up” strategies have significantly shaped academic and policy debates, they do not resolve the persistent marginalisation of transcultural actors, particularly descendants of Muslim migrants and native converts to Islam, whose hybrid biographies unsettle dominant binaries yet remain institutionally under-recognised. The article therefore advances a post-secular, transcultural principle of recognition and operationalises transcultural capital not merely as an adaptive resource at the micro or meso level, but as a mechanism for macro-level transformation in diversity governance. Anchored in the ongoing contestation over Islamic burial rights and the evolving practices of the Pluralism and Coexistence Foundation, the analysis demonstrates that only by empowering transcultural actors as co-authors, rather than passive consultees, can Spain recalibrate its model of religious diversity governance. The framework developed offers a way beyond segmented recognition of diversity and cosmetic pluralism, with implications for majority–minority relations across Europe.

2026-05-06T00:00:00Z Orfao e Vale Tabernero, Guillermo Mussida, Chiara Baussola, Maurizio Malo Ocaña, Miguel Ángel http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171149 2026-04-29T00:02:45Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

[EN]This study traces gender convergence in the share of young people (15-29) who are not in employment, education, or training (NEET) across the EU-27 from 2004 to 2022. Using EU Labour Force Survey micro-data and Eurostat aggregates, we estimate β-, σ-, and δ-convergence. The results point to a clear narrowing of the average gender gap (upward β-convergence). While overall cross-country dispersion has not fallen (no σ-convergence), a catch-up process towards the countries with the smallest gender gaps is evident (δ-convergence). The closing gap is driven mainly by improved labour-market and educational outcomes for women, coupled with a general deterioration in men’s outcomes. In the long run, early school-leaving rates, youth employment levels and spending on active labour-market policies emerge as key determinants of gender convergence. We conclude by outlining the policy implications of these findings.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z Corpus Espinosa, Claudia Mac Fadden, Isotta Lima-Serrano, Marta http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171138 2026-04-29T00:01:46Z 2026-04-27T00:00:00Z

[EN]Background Applying established frameworks for cultural adaptation of evidence-based programs (EBPs) is essential to ensure cost-effectiveness, adoption, and sustainability while advancing health equity. However, adaptation processes often lack systematic approaches, particularly outside academic contexts. Purpose This study explores how cultural adaptation processes of prevention programs are delivered to address adolescent substance use and common mental health issues, from the perspective of the main stakeholders involved in these processes. In parallel, it aims to empirically refine and specify the 11 stages synthesized in prior work that integrated insights from multiple cultural adaptation processes and frameworks. Methods A qualitative analysis was conducted using content analysis of 22 semi-structured interviews with stakeholders from the quadruple helix model: 6 from Academia, 6 from Non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and 10 from Public administration, selected globally. Stakeholders were identified via brainstorming and purposive-convenience sampling, based on their roles in adapting, implementing, evaluating, or funding prevention programs addressing adolescent substance use and mental health issues. Despite extensive recruitment efforts, no representation from the Business helix was achieved, as only one business contact agreed to be interviewed, which was not considered sufficient for inclusion. Results The qualitative analysis refined and expanded the stages of a cultural adaptation sequence that reflects how cultural adaptation processes are conducted in practice: building synergies, local needs assessment, program selection, initial cultural adaptation, advisory group consultation, staff training, piloting, program refinement and readiness for implementation, implementation, monitoring and evaluation, and dissemination and sustainability. Notably, not all stakeholders followed or applied the steps uniformly. Furthermore, academics were the only group to report using formal cultural adaptation models, while NGOs and the Public administration relied on experiential and contextual knowledge. Conclusions Findings underscore the importance of translating scientific knowledge into practice contexts while ensuring continuous evaluation, dissemination, and sustainability of adapted EBPs targeting adolescent substance use and mental health issues. Collaborative efforts and co-creative strategies are crucial to maintaining cultural relevance. This study contributes by offering empirical refinement and operational specification of an 11-step cultural adaptation sequence identified in a prior scoping review. Linking evidence from prior literature with practice provides greater clarity and applicability for implementers seeking to culturally adapt prevention programs across diverse contexts.

2026-04-27T00:00:00Z Hernández Castellano, Silvia García Alonso, Elena María http://hdl.handle.net/10366/170896 2026-04-10T00:00:41Z 2026-02-01T00:00:00Z

[ES]El objetivo de este estudio es analizar desde un punto de vista exploratorio las desigualdades territoriales en educación en dos comunidades autónomas como Extremadura y Castilla y León, a partir de datos del Informe PISA 2023. Ambas regiones poseen una base socio-económica similar y elevado índice de ruralidad. De los datos obtenidos se ha podido extraer que las diferencias entre territorios pueden explicarse por diferentes factores, entre los que se incluyen: la política autonómica, la organización escolar y la inversión. Se corrobora que el modelo de descentralización política acentúa las diferencias y que las divergencias educativas entre ambos territorios ponen en entredicho la cohesión territorial. Asimismo, se confirma que el contexto socioeconómico y sociodemográfico junto con las diferencias en el ámbito educativo tienen una dimensión territorial y multifactorial, donde la inversión autonómica junto con el modelo de política educativa implantado promueve una mayor cohesión social y territorial.[EN]The aim of this study is to explore territorial inequalities in education in two Spanish re-gions—Extremadura and Castilla y León—based on data from the PISA2022 report. Both re-gions share a similar socioeconomic background and a high degree of rurality. The analysis re-veals that the differences between these territories can be explained by several factors, including regional policies, school organization, and investment. The findings confirm that the political decentralization model amplifies disparities and that the educational divergences between the two regions challenge territorial cohesion.Moreover, the study confirms that the socioeconomic and sociodemographic context, as well as disparities in the educational sphere, have a territorial and multifactorial dimension. In this regard, regional investment combined with the implemented educational policy model plays a key role in fostering greater social and territorial cohesion.

2026-02-01T00:00:00Z García Alonso, Elena María http://hdl.handle.net/10366/170893 2026-04-09T12:28:42Z 2026-03-01T00:00:00Z

[EN]Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming educational systems, reshaping how knowledge is produced, evaluated, and governed. Far from being a neutral technological enhancement, AI operates as a socio-technical infrastructure embedded in power relations that redistribute opportunities unequally across students, schools, and territories. This chapter analyzes the role of AI in the reproduction of educational inequalities from a sociological perspective, emphasizing how algorithmic systems amplify digital divides, reinforce structural and cultural biases, and introduce new forms of algorithmic governance that reshape agency, autonomy, and pedagogical decision-making. The discussion develops three interconnected analytical dimensions: the emergence of digital and algorithmic capital as forms of distinction that privilege advantaged learners; the reproduction of inequality through biased data, discriminatory predictions, and exclusionary platform design; and the rise of algorithmic governmentality, in which surveillance, metric-based accountability, and automated decision-making displace teachers’ professional judgment and shape student subjectivities through normalization and control. The chapter argues that addressing these dynamics requires ethical and political frameworks that prioritize transparency, accountability, inclusion, and democratic participation in the design and governance of AI in education. It concludes by calling for critical algorithmic literacy, participatory policy design, and culturally situated approaches capable of transforming AI into a tool for educational justice rather than a mechanism that reinforces existing hierarchies.

2026-03-01T00:00:00Z Gago Rivas, Víctor http://hdl.handle.net/10366/170418 2026-03-14T04:08:46Z 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z

[ES] La presente tesis doctoral analiza la competencia electoral y las dinámicas de unidad entre partidos comunistas y formaciones de nueva izquierda radical en Europa Occidental, centrándose en aquellos contextos nacionales en los que ambas familias partidistas coexisten y compiten de manera sostenida. Este fenómeno, escasamente abordado por la literatura, se estudia de forma comparada a partir de los casos de Portugal, Grecia y Francia, los únicos países de Europa Occidental donde partidos comunistas históricos y nuevas izquierdas radicales mantienen simultáneamente representación parlamentaria. De manera complementaria, se incorpora un estudio de caso sobre España que permite analizar el paso de la competencia a la cooperación electoral en el seno de la izquierda radical. El objetivo principal de la investigación es identificar los mecanismos que explican la persistencia de ambas familias partidistas dentro de un mismo sistema político, así como los costes y beneficios derivados de sus estrategias de competencia y unidad. La hipótesis central sostiene que la coexistencia se explica por procesos de especialización electoral y territorial, mediante los cuales los partidos atraen a segmentos sociales y contextos geográficos diferenciados. La tesis se estructura en tres artículos empíricos. El primero analiza los determinantes individuales del voto a partidos comunistas y de nueva izquierda radical en Portugal, Grecia y Francia, a partir de datos de la European Social Survey y mediante modelos de regresión logística. Los resultados muestran que las diferencias entre electorados se concentran principalmente en el eje sociocultural, más que en el socioeconómico: los partidos comunistas tienden a atraer a votantes de mayor edad, vinculados a la clase trabajadora y con posiciones socioculturales más moderadas, mientras que las nuevas izquierdas movilizan a votantes más jóvenes, con mayor nivel educativo y actitudes claramente progresistas. El segundo artículo adopta una perspectiva de geografía política para examinar la especialización territorial del voto, combinando indicadores locales de autocorrelación espacial y modelos de regresión espacial. Los resultados indican que la relevancia del territorio varía según el país, siendo especialmente significativa en Portugal, más limitada en Grecia y prácticamente inexistente en Francia. El tercer artículo se centra en el caso español y analiza los efectos electorales de la coalición preelectoral entre Podemos e Izquierda Unida en las elecciones generales de 2016, mediante un diseño cuasiexperimental basado en datos de encuesta que permite medir el efecto causal del anuncio de la coalición en los votantes. Los resultados evidencian que los costes electorales de la cooperación tienden a concentrarse en el socio minoritario, lo que pone de relieve los dilemas estratégicos asociados a la unidad electoral. En conjunto, la tesis contribuye al estudio de la competencia intrafamiliar en la izquierda radical, al debate sobre el realineamiento de los cleavages y al análisis del papel del territorio y de las estrategias de cooperación en los sistemas de partidos.

2025-01-01T00:00:00Z