http://hdl.handle.net/10366/3946 Mon, 11 May 2026 15:15:10 GMT 2026-05-11T15:15:10Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171351 Climate change is a global challenge with far-reaching implications for firms and capital markets. This study examines whether ownership by socially responsible investors (SRIs) enhances firms' resilience to climate shocks. Focusing on transition and physical climate risks, we analyse whether SRI ownership reduces firms' stock return sensitivity to climate events. Using a panel of listed European firms (2018–2022), we find that SRI ownership is associated with greater corporate capacity to manage climate disruptions. Further analyses show that SRIs are linked to firms' adoption of science-based climate targets, higher green revenue shares, and lower carbon emissions intensity. However, these effects are conditional. SRI stewardship is stronger when investors are domiciled in countries with stringent climate regulations, maintain longer investment horizons, and invest in firms with high climate change exposure and located in jurisdictions with strong climate performance. These findings highlight the role of SRIs as catalysts for corporate climate adaptation while emphasizing boundary conditions that shape their active ownership. Wed, 29 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171351 2026-04-29T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171346 [ES]Caso clínico: Un varón de 49 años consultó por fiebre y síntomas respiratorios de 5 días de evolución. Era exfumador desde hacía 8 años (30 paquetes/año); no consumía alcohol, ni refería alergias o exposición a tóxicos inhalados. Trabajaba como vendedor de automóviles. Como antecedentes personales refería una reconstrucción facial tras un accidente de tráfico. No cumplía criterios de bronquitis crónica ni refería historia de tuberculosis o contacto con pacientes que la padecieran. Sun, 01 Jan 2017 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171346 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171341 [ES]El tabaquismo es, junto con la diabetes mellitus, uno de los principales factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Los pacientes diabéticos presentan peculiaridades y características, algunas no bien conocidas, que hacen que el tabaquismo agrave los efectos de la diabetes y que el proceso de la deshabituación tabáquica en estos pacientes presente dificultades añadidas y que, por tanto, requiera un abordaje específico, más intensivo y con controles más rigurosos. En esta revisión se desgranan todos los aspectos conocidos que influyen en la interacción entre el tabaquismo y la diabetes, tanto en lo referente al incremento del riesgo de las complicaciones macrovasculares y microvasculares de la diabetes como a los factores que influyen en los resultados de los programas de deshabituación tabáquica. Así mismo se exponen las pautas de tratamiento de estos fumadores, incluyendo los algoritmos y pautas de tratamiento farmacológico que, basándose en evidencia científica, se han mostrado más eficaces.; [EN]Smoking is, together with diabetes mellitus, one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Diabetic patients have unique features and characteristics, some of which are not well known, that cause smoking to aggravate the effects of diabetes and impose difficulties in the smoking cessation process, for which a specificand more intensive approach with stricter controls is required. This review details all aspects with a known influence on the interaction between smoking and diabetes, both as regards the increased risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications of diabetes and the factors with an impact on the results of smoking cessation programs. The treatment guidelines for these smokers, including the algorithms and drug treatment patterns which have proved most useful based on scientific evidence, are also discussed. Sun, 01 Jan 2017 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171341 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171332 [SPA]Analiza la supervivencia comparada entre los estadios IV-A y IV-B del cáncer de cabeza y cuello. Los resultados muestran una mejor supervivencia a 24 meses en los pacientes clasificados en estadio IV-A frente a los de estadio IV-B, con diferencias estadísticamente significativas. La conclusión principal sostiene que los pacientes en estadio IV-B presentan peor pronóstico, y que los hallazgos respaldan las recomendaciones de la actualización de la clasificación TNM. Thu, 01 Mar 2001 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171332 2001-03-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171329 [EN]Lung cancer is the most frequently diagnosed neoplasia and represents the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Due to this fact, efforts to improve patient survival through the introduction of novel therapies, as well as preventive actions, are urgently required. Considering this scenario, the antitumoral action of the composite formulation Ocoxin® oral solution (OOS), that contains several antitumoral compounds including antioxidants, was tested in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) in vitro and in vivo preclinical models. OOS exhibited anti-SCLC action that was both time and dose dependent. In vivo OOS decreased the growth of tumors implanted in mice without showing signs of toxicity. The antitumoral effect was due to inhibition of cell proliferation and increased cell death. Genomic and biochemical analyses indicated that OOS augmented p27 and decreased the functioning of several routes involved in cell proliferation. In addition, OOS caused cell death by activation of caspases. Importantly, OOS favored the action of several standard of care drugs used in the SCLC clinic. Our results suggest that OOS has antitumoral action on SCLC, and could be used to supplement the action of drugs commonly used to treat this type of tumor. Sun, 01 Jul 2018 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171329 2018-07-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171324 Introducción: La negativa a la fístula arteriovenosa es un reto en hemodiálisis. La intervención enfermera es determinante en la toma de decisiones compartidas. Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de una intervención multidisciplinar estructurada para abordar la negativa de pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica a la creación de una fístula arteriovenosa. Material y Método: Estudio piloto prospectivo y multicéntrico dividido en cuatro grupos según su situación respecto al acceso vascular. La intervención incluyó educación visual, formación del equipo en habilidades comunicativas y ecografía. Se analizaron variables demográficas, clínicas y de intervención. El estudio contó con aprobación ética y consentimiento informado. Análisis mediante pruebas paramétricas (t-Student, ANOVA) y no paramétricas (U de Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis). Resultados: Se incluyeron 51 pacientes con una edad media de 67,4±13,4 años (68,6% hombres). Tras la intervención, el 68,6% optó por fístula arteriovenosa. Enfermería lideró el 100% de las primeras consultas (media 30±12,7 minutos). La aceptación fue total en el grupo ERCA (100%) y alta en incidentes (78%), frente al 35% en prevalentes con CVC>6 meses (p<0,001). Las consultas sucesivas multidisciplinares aumentaron significativamente la aceptación frente a consultas solo de enfermería (p<0,05). Las principales barreras fueron miedo a la cirugía (54%) y comodidad del catéter (46%). Quienes aceptaron la fístula fueron más jóvenes (p<0,05). Conclusiones: La enfermería lidera positivamente la toma de decisiones mediante un enfoque estructurado y empático. La consulta ERCA es clave para la planificación anticipada, mientras que en portadores de catéter de larga duración se requieren intervenciones más tempranas. Mon, 30 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171324 2026-03-30T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171323 A acessibilidade dos dicionários digitais é um fator fundamental para a inclusão educativa e profissional das pessoas cegas. Esta investigação centra-se na interação entre utilizadores de linhas Braille e diversos tipos de dicionários digitais, abordando as complexidades do acesso tátil e contrastando-o com as modalidades visual e auditiva. Enquanto a leitura visual permite uma exploração global e não linear, a linha Braille oferece uma perceção tátil sequencial e plana, construindo o contexto palavra por palavra. Alguns estudos sugerem que a ausência de acesso ao Braille pode contribuir para formas de iliteracia funcional, tornando crucial a correta estruturação da informação. Este estudo realiza uma avaliação formal de dicionários instaláveis (OUP-MacOS e Larousse-MacOS), online (Infopédia, DLE) e adaptados (Wikcionário-Brailliant e Wikcionário-SeeingHands), utilizando três conceitos-chave: sequência, planos de interação e condensação. Os resultados demonstram que existem falhas na navegação por tabelas, excesso de descondensação e problemas de foco técnico, propondo-se novos princípios de design lexicográfico para a leitura tátil. Accessibility in digital dictionaries is fundamental for the educational and professional inclusion of blind people. This research focuses on the interaction between refreshable Braille display users and various types of digital dictionaries, addressing the complexities of tactile access and contrasting it with visual and auditory modalities. While visual reading allows for global, non-linear exploration, refreshable Braille displays offer a sequential and flat tactile perception, building context word by word. Some studies suggest that the lack of access to Braille can contribute to forms of functional illiteracy, making the correct structuring of information crucial. This study conducts a formal evaluation of installable dictionaries (OUP-macOS and Larousse-macOS), online dictionaries (Infopédia, DLE), and Braille-adapted versions (Wiktionary-Brailliant and Wiktionary-SeeingHands), using three key concepts: sequence, interaction planes, and condensation. The results demonstrate flaws in table navigation, excessive decondensation, and technical focus issues. New lexicographic design principles specifically for tactile reading are proposed. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171323 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171313 [ES]El Manual de prevención y tratamiento del tabaquismo ofrece una síntesis sistemática de los conocimientos científicos y clínicos sobre el consumo de tabaco, sus consecuencias para la salud y las estrategias de intervención disponibles. Wed, 01 Jan 2003 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171313 2003-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171311 [EN]Roads cause disturbances to wildlife from the beginning of their construction and once the road is in operation, people usually make use of the habitats, reducing their quality. To this are added the effects caused by light and noise from vehicles. These propagate through the land adjacent to the road causing changes in the fauna’s use of the habitat. This led us to ask ourselves what attributes inherent to the road and terrain influence the vertebrate fauna and what factors associated with human activities can be considered as confounding variables for the results interpretation? The study was conducted in proximity of the 40D highway in Mexico. Three paired areas were selected where signs of wildlife presence were recorded during spring and fall from 2018 to 2020 and these data were used as response variable (2108 records of 49 species). We used as explanatory variables the inherent characteristics of the natural terrain and road (e.g., height difference between road and habitat, distance from road), as well as those related to human presence in the habitat (e.g., distance to nearest town). GLM’s were adjusted to determine the influence of these on our response variable. We found that the inherent variables of the road and terrain have a significant influence on the number of faunal of hunting interest traces found (p = 0.018, r2 = 23.09). The method used allowed us to identify and distinguish the influence that human activities exert on the fauna within the road’s influence zone. The differential way in which organisms respond to human presence and activity makes it difficult to isolate this effect from the one we wish to evaluate, such as that of the road. Therefore, it is suggested that the variables used in this study be used as a control measure of this effect in the work carried out in proximity of roads. Mon, 18 Jul 2022 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171311 2022-07-18T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171310 [EN]Millions of wild animals are killed annually on roads worldwide. During spring 2020, the volume of road traffic was reduced globally as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic. We gathered data on wildlife-vehicle collisions (WVC) from Czechia, Estonia, Finland, Hungary, Israel, Norway, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and for Scotland and England within the United Kingdom. In all studied countries WVC statistics tend to be dominated by large mammals (various deer species and wild boar), while information on smaller mammals as well as birds are less well recorded. The expected number of WVC for 2020 was predicted on the basis of 2015–2019 WVC time series representing expected WVC numbers under normal traffic conditions. Then, the forecasted and reported WVC data were compared. The results indicate varying levels of WVC decrease between countries during the COVID-19 related traffic flow reduction (CRTR). While no significant change was determined in Sweden, where the state-wide response to COVID-19 was the least intensive, a decrease as marked as 37.4% was identified in Estonia. The greatest WVC decrease, more than 40%, was determined during the first weeks of CRTR for Estonia, Spain, Israel, and Czechia. Measures taken during spring 2020 allowed the survival of large numbers of wild animals which would have been killed under normal traffic conditions. The significant effects of even just a few weeks of reduced traffic, help to highlight the negative impacts of roads on wildlife mortality and the need to boost global efforts of wildlife conservation, including systematic gathering of roadkill data. Thu, 01 Apr 2021 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171310 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171309 [EN]It is widely recognised that conservation policies in protected areas must also favour the development and viability of human populations. Although much research has focused on economic consequences, understanding the real impact of conservation on local populations requires a more holistic standpoint. Using quasi-experimental matching methods and a diachronic perspective, the biodemographic and socio-economic effects of Colombia’s National Natural Parks (NNPs) were evaluated (all in a context of internal conflict and post-conflict). The analyses were made for the set of NNPs and then grouped into four natural regions (Andes, Caribbean, Amazon-Orinoquía and Pacific) and two conflict intensities. Differences were found mainly for NNPs with low-intensity conflict, but only for biodemographic variables, not for socio-economic ones. Starting from a situation of disadvantage, a relative improvement in the conditions of the NNP municipalities was observed throughout the 13-year period in relation to the control group. Results should be taken with caution due to the conflict situation, but the lack of correlation between biodemographic and socio-economic aspects highlights the need to include more complex approaches in protected area management policies. Fri, 25 Dec 2020 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171309 2020-12-25T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171308 [EN]The Batuecan lizard Iberolacerta martinezricai is a critically endangered species due to its significantly reduced distribution, which is restricted to the scree slopes (SS) of a few mountain peaks within the Batuecas-Sierra de Francia Natural Park (western Spain). Given its high specialisation in this type of discontinuous habitat, the long-term conservation of the species requires maintaining the connectivity between populations. This study analyses the contribution of connectivity, as well as other patch-related factors, in the distribution and density patterns of the species. With this aim, 67 SS were sampled by line transects from May to October 2018. Each SS was characterised using variables indicative of the microhabitat conditions for the lizard. Inter-SS connectivity was quantified using graph theory for seven distances. Generalised linear models (GLMs) were performed for both presence and density. Model results showed that while connectivity was a relevant factor in the presence of lizards, density only involved patch-related variables. Discrepancies probably occurred because the factors influencing presence operate on a wider scale than those of abundance. In view of the results, the best-connected SS, but also those where the lizard is most abundant and from which more dispersed individuals are likely to depart, seem to be the essential patches in any conservation strategy. The results may also be relevant to other species with habitat-specific requirements. Tue, 02 Mar 2021 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171308 2021-03-02T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171307 [EN]This article interrogates the governance of religious and ethnic diversity in contemporary Spain, advancing a critical analysis of selective secularism as a meta-governance logic that structures symbolic hierarchies and practical exclusions. Selective secularism operates through the culturalisation of Catholicism as “neutral” national heritage and the religionisation of minority, especially Muslim, cultural expressions, reinforcing asymmetrical regimes of recognition beneath a veneer of formal pluralism. Through analysis of legal cases, judicial reasoning and the mobilisation of lay Catholic neoconservative networks, the article shows how intersecting top-down and bottom-up mechanisms entrench Catholic dominance while problematising racialised Muslim-coded presence. Building on the Bristol School of Multiculturalism and Sealy’s model of post-multicultural multilogue, Spain is situated as a paradigmatic “post-secular laboratory” in which rapid social transformation exposes both the limits and the inertia of liberal–secular governance. While dialogical engagement and “levelling up” strategies have significantly shaped academic and policy debates, they do not resolve the persistent marginalisation of transcultural actors, particularly descendants of Muslim migrants and native converts to Islam, whose hybrid biographies unsettle dominant binaries yet remain institutionally under-recognised. The article therefore advances a post-secular, transcultural principle of recognition and operationalises transcultural capital not merely as an adaptive resource at the micro or meso level, but as a mechanism for macro-level transformation in diversity governance. Anchored in the ongoing contestation over Islamic burial rights and the evolving practices of the Pluralism and Coexistence Foundation, the analysis demonstrates that only by empowering transcultural actors as co-authors, rather than passive consultees, can Spain recalibrate its model of religious diversity governance. The framework developed offers a way beyond segmented recognition of diversity and cosmetic pluralism, with implications for majority–minority relations across Europe. Wed, 06 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171307 2026-05-06T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171306 [ES]OBJETIVOS: A pesar de ser el cáncer de pulmón el tumor diagnosticado con más frecuencia en el mundo, desconocemos su incidencia real en España. Con el objetivo de paliar en parte tal déficit, y ante la ausencia de datos procedentes de la Comunidad de Castilla-León, hemos llevado a cabo el presente trabajo. MÉTODOS: Durante el año 1997 los 56 componentes del grupo de estudio del carcinoma broncopulmonar de la SOCALPAR hemos recogido prospectivamente los casos nuevos diagnosticados en nuestra Comunidad. Se han realizado controles de calidad en el ámbito local, en la oficina central de gestión de datos, y auditorías en los centros sanitarios de referencia. RESULTADOS: Han sido diagnosticados 1.015 enfermos, 95 mujeres y 920 varones. Esto supone una tasa de incidencia ajustada por edad a la población mundial estándar de 21,53 casos por 100.000 habitantes (varones: 41,58; mujeres: 4,31). Por provincia de procedencia dicha tasa, para los varones, ha sido: Ávila 36,89; Burgos 43,65; León 42,07; Palencia 38,88; Salamanca 38,88; Segovia 36,72; Soria 29,91; Valladolid 45,90, y Zamora 48,71. Un 90,14% de los pacientes eran fumadores o ex fumadores. El diagnóstico ha sido citohistológico en 877 enfermos (86,4%), predominando el carcinoma escamoso con un 50,62%, y sólo clinicorradiológico, según el criterio de un neumólogo y/o cirujano torácico, en 138 (13,6%). CONCLUSIONES: En Castilla-León la tasa de incidencia estandarizada del carcinoma broncopulmonar en 1997 ha sido de 21,53 casos por 100.000 habitantes (varones: 41,58; mujeres: 4,31). Un 13,6% de los diagnósticos son sólo clinicorradiológicos. Sat, 01 Jan 2000 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171306 2000-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171305 [ES]El dolor en la región cervical es uno de los motivos que frecuentemente llevan a los pacientes jóvenes a la consulta del médico de familia. En la mayoría de las ocasiones es de características mecánicas por un mal hábito postural o debido a traumatismos ocasionados por las actividades lúdicas o deportivas que se suelen practicar en estas edades y, generalmente, es el propio paciente quien atribuye el origen de sus molestias a situaciones reconocibles. Sin embargo, hay que tener presente la posibilidad de que el dolor pueda deberse a otras causas. Wed, 01 Jan 2003 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171305 2003-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171304 [ES]Conscientes del problema del tabaquismo entre la población juvenil y su temprana edad de comienzo (12-13 años según la mayoría de los estudios), el Grupo de Abordaje del Tabaquismo de la Sociedad Castellano Leonesa de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria se propuso conocer la prevalencia del consumo de tabaco entre los estudiantes de primero y segundo de Enseñanza Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) de la provincia de Salamanca como fase previa a una serie de intervenciones encaminadas a intentar retrasar la edad de comienzo en este hábito o, mejor dicho, en esta drogadicción y aumentar el conocimiento sobre ella para lograr, en definitiva, disminuir su prevalencia global. Wed, 01 Jan 2003 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10366/171304 2003-01-01T00:00:00Z