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Título
Normative study of theme identifiability: Instructions with and without explanation of the false memory effect
Autor(es)
Palabras clave
Theme identifiability
Deese/Roediger
McDermott (DRM) paradigm
Backward associative strength (BAS)
Fecha de publicación
2015
Editor
Springer
Resumen
[ENG]False-memory illusions have been widely studied
using the Deese/Roediger–McDermott paradigm (DRM). In
this paradigm, words semantically related to a single
nonpresented critical word are studied. In a later memory test,
critical words are often falsely recalled and recognized. The
present normative study was conducted to measure the theme
identifiability of 60 associative word lists in Spanish that include
six words (e.g., stove, coat, blanket, scarf, chill, and
bonnet) that are simultaneously associated with three critical
words (e.g., HEAT, COLD, and WINTER; Beato & Díez,
Psicothema, 26, 457–463, 2011). Different levels of backward
associative strength were used in the construction of the DRM
lists. In addition, we used two types of instructions to obtain
theme identifiability. In the without-explanation condition,
traditional instructions were used, requesting participants to
write the theme list. In the with-explanation condition, the
false-memory effect and how the lists were built were explained,
and an example of a DRM list and critical words
was shown. Participants then had to discover the critical
words. The results showed that all lists produced theme
identifiability. Moreover, some lists had a higher theme
identifiability rate (e.g., 61 % for the critical words LOVE,
BOYFRIEND, COUPLE) than others (e.g., 24 % for CITY,
PLACE, VILLAGE). After comparing the theme
identifiabilities in the different conditions, the results indicated
higher theme identifiability when the false-memory effect was
explained than without such an explanation. Overall, these
new normative data provide a useful tool for those
experiments that, for example, aim to analyze the wide differences
observed in false memory with DRM lists and the role
of theme identifiability.
URI
DOI
10.3758/s13428-015-0652-6
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