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Titre
Estratégias colectivas de governação local no campo social: alcances e limites
Autor(es)
Director(es)
Sujet
Tesis y disertaciones académicas
Universidad de Salamanca (España)
Academic Dissertations
Gobernación local
Sodiología
Clasificación UNESCO
6303.01 Sociología comparada
Fecha de publicación
2011
Éditeur
Universidad de Salamanca
Résumé
[ES]Esta investigación doctoral se organizó como un estudio comparativo entre España
y Portugal. El método comparativo, mientras sea un instrumento fundamental a la explicación sociológica, sobre las estrategias legales de la gobernación local en el ámbito social, permitiría, en el sentido weberiano, comprender el conjunto de las posibles causas, los patrones fijos y las trayectorias específicas entre los casos observados. Por lo tanto, el razonamiento comparativo se apoyó en una estrategia de metodología de investigación cualitativa, de análisis del discurso oficial y de naturaleza etnográfica [EN]Today, a new paradigm of governance is on the agenda that is more local, more collective, more
negotiated, and more integrated. In addition to issues related to the adoption of more horizontal
institutional architectures, this paradigm incorporates the idea that key actors in public affairs should
participate in ways that allow various dimensions of contemporary social problems to be addressed
efficiently, in a manner that takes account of the local context and in an integrated fashion. Given the
interrelationship between social protection and local development, this new paradigm inevitably implies a
new paradigm of socio-political intervention which foregrounds, both theoretically and empirically, the
importance of intersectoral intervention, foreknowledge of the context, the recontextualisation of official
discourse, and the promotion both in words and deeds of reflexive processes able to both generate
learning experiences and create room for manoeuvre for local actors in line with local conditions and
needs.
The theoretical contributions of Beck (2000), Giddens (1997, 2001), Fukuyama (2006) and
Castells (2007), among others, have provided the foundational elements of this new paradigm, and have
suggested that new mechanisms of collective action such as networks, partnerships and other forms of
associative practices will constitute the most promising ways forward.
In this thesis, in order to examine local collective governance practices in the social field, the
work and perceptions of the teams operationally responsible within the corresponding organisational
structures for the application of social protection policies, were comparatively analysed in two
administrative territories: the Comarca de Sayago (in the Northwest Interior of Spain) and the Concelho of
Macedo de Cavaleiros (in the Northeast Interior of Portugal). In each, local collective governance
strategies are structured by forms of State and models of decentralisation that are quite distinct. The
mainly qualitative approach adopted in the analysis embodied a concern with the need to gain a better
understanding of the philosophy and the procedural characteristics and processes that underpin the
production of official discourse, along with the mechanisms by which local governance process are
recontextualised and reproduced in the social field.
The fulcral point of the comparison could be readily observed in the socio-institutional contexts
observed in the field research: local governance models in the field of social protection are determined by
the State's form of institutional organisation and by the way in which it organises and distributes
responsibilities for policy implementation which, in turn, promote and/or constrain the relationships that
are established and operationalised between key actors in relation to local collective initiatives.
In the two territories analysed, the factors that served to strengthen or weaken such practices were
identified and on this basis, a model (or possibly, several alterative models) of governance in the social
field were sketched out, in which collective action and democratic participation can combine to
integratively support local development and the combating of poverty. Clearly, if the identification of
weaknesses in the structures and forms of intervention is to assist in the attainment of participatory,
developmental and anti-poverty objectives at the local level, it will be crucial to take into account the
diversity of government practices and socio-institutional contexts when applying this model more widely
to other territorie
URI
DOI
10.14201/gredos.83238
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