El caso Cataluña a la luz de la jurisprudencia constitucional; y la hipótesis de la segregación ante la UE

Abstract

[ES]El presente trabajo consiste en llevar a cabo un análisis acerca del proceso independentista catalán, desde sus orígenes hasta la actualidad, sobre la base de nuestra norma suprema, la Constitución de 1978. Asimismo llevaremos a cabo, a la par, un análisis acerca de las principales sentencias que han sido dictadas por el Tribunal Constitucional en estos años de conflicto entre el Gobierno Central y el Gobierno de la Generalitat. Y por último analizaremos las consecuencias que se desprenderían en el derecho europeo de la secesión de un Estado en caso de que se llevase a cabo de forma unilateral.

[EN]The present work consist in doing an analysis about Catalonia ́s independence process from its origins to the present, on the basis of the content of our supreme norm, which is The Constitution of 1978. Moreover, I am will carrying out with the analysis of the main sentences pronounced nowadays by the constitutional court of conflict between the Central Government and Catalonia ́s Government. Finally, analyzing the consequences that would become deduced in European law from de secession of a state if it was carried out unilaterally.

The social rights are rights in respect of social benefits that are born with the human being. The main texts, both at national and international level they gather them. In Spain they are contained in the Spanish Constitution. Our country is a Social State, in which the public powers must guarantee the equal access to the resources, what demands an active role for the State to facilitate its fulfillment. The problem that these rights present is that not always they are going to be able to be covered in an effective way for all people, especially in periods of crisis or economic recession, while they suppose an important social expense, causing an increasing social exclusion in the most disadvantaged sectors of the population. An important social right is the right to the environment, recognized in the article 45 of the Spanish Constitution, since on its respect there depends the well-being of the present and future generations. Related to this right, it is necessary to give special importance to the problem about the so called “external agents”, invaders as the toxic gases, noise, or the radiation that possibly can gain access to our hearths, making difficult the guarantee of this constitutional law.